用HTML5 Canvas組件實現(xiàn)圖像灰度化

來源 | 看云
1、新建一個html頁面,在body標(biāo)簽之間加入
<canvas id="myCanvas" >Gray Filter</canvas>2、添加一段最簡單的JavaScript代碼:
window.onload = function() {var canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");// do something here!!}
從Canvas對象獲取重新定位對象某些上下文的代碼如下:
var context = canvas.getContext("2d");在html頁面中加入一幅圖像的html代碼如下:
<img id="imageSource" src="hanjiaren.jpg" alt="Canvas Source" />var image = document.getElementById("imageSource");將得到的圖像繪制在畫布對象中的代碼如下:
context.drawImage(image, 0, 0);從Canvas對象中獲取圖像編碼數(shù)據(jù)的代碼如下:
var canvasData = context.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);讀取數(shù)值與實現(xiàn)灰度計算的代碼如下:
for ( var x = 0; x < canvasData.width; x++) {for ( var y = 0; y < canvasData.height; y++) {// Index of the pixel in the arrayvar idx = (x + y * canvasData.width) * 4;var r = canvasData.data[idx + 0];var g = canvasData.data[idx + 1];var b = canvasData.data[idx + 2];// calculate gray scale valuevar gray = .299 * r + .587 * g + .114 * b;// assign gray scale valuecanvasData.data[idx + 0] = gray; // Red channelcanvasData.data[idx + 1] = gray; // Green channelcanvasData.data[idx + 2] = gray; // Blue channelcanvasData.data[idx + 3] = 255; // Alpha channel// add black borderif(x < 8 || y < 8 || x > (canvasData.width - 8) || y > (canvasData.height - 8)){canvasData.data[idx + 0] = 0;canvasData.data[idx + 1] = 0;canvasData.data[idx + 2] = 0;}}}
其中計算灰度公式為灰色= 0.299×紅色+ 0.578×綠色+ 0.114 *藍(lán)色
讀取出來的像素值順序為RGBA分別代表紅色,綠色,藍(lán)色,alpha通道
處理完成的數(shù)據(jù)要重新載入到Canvas中。代碼如下:
context.putImageData(canvasData, 0, 0);程序最終的效果如下:
完全源代碼如下:
<html><head><script>window.onload = function() {var canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");var image = document.getElementById("imageSource");// re-size the canvas deminsioncanvas.width = image.width;canvas.height = image.height;// get 2D render objectvar context = canvas.getContext("2d");context.drawImage(image, 0, 0);var canvasData = context.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);alert(canvasData.width.toString());alert(canvasData.height.toString());// gray filterfor ( var x = 0; x < canvasData.width; x++) {for ( var y = 0; y < canvasData.height; y++) {// Index of the pixel in the arrayvar idx = (x + y * canvasData.width) * 4;var r = canvasData.data[idx + 0];var g = canvasData.data[idx + 1];var b = canvasData.data[idx + 2];// calculate gray scale valuevar gray = .299 * r + .587 * g + .114 * b;// assign gray scale valuecanvasData.data[idx + 0] = gray; // Red channelcanvasData.data[idx + 1] = gray; // Green channelcanvasData.data[idx + 2] = gray; // Blue channelcanvasData.data[idx + 3] = 255; // Alpha channel// add black borderif(x < 8 || y < 8 || x > (canvasData.width - 8) || y > (canvasData.height - 8)){canvasData.data[idx + 0] = 0;canvasData.data[idx + 1] = 0;canvasData.data[idx + 2] = 0;}}}context.putImageData(canvasData, 0, 0); // at coords 0,0};</script></head><body><h2>Hello World!</h2><img id="imageSource" src="hanjiaren.jpg" alt="Canvas Source" /><br /><canvas id="myCanvas" >Gray Filter</canvas></body></html>
代碼中的文件可以替換任意你想要看到的圖片文件,HTML5,原來如此神奇。
程序在谷歌瀏覽器中測試通過千萬不要在本地嘗試運(yùn)行上面的代碼,谷歌
瀏覽器的安全檢查會自動阻止從瀏覽器中識別非域的文件最好在tomcat或
者任意一個Web容器的服務(wù)器上發(fā)布以后從谷歌瀏覽器查看效果即可。

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