Linux 常用命令全拼
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pwd:print work directory 打印當(dāng)前目錄 顯示出當(dāng)前工作目錄的絕對(duì)路徑
ps: process status(進(jìn)程狀態(tài)，類似于windows的任務(wù)管理器)
常用參數(shù)：－auxf
ps -auxf 顯示進(jìn)程狀態(tài)
df: disk free 其功能是顯示磁盤可用空間數(shù)目信息及空間結(jié)點(diǎn)信息。換句話說，就是報(bào)告在任何安裝的設(shè)備或目錄中，還剩多少自由的空間。
du: Disk usage
rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的發(fā)明之一
rmdir：Remove Directory（刪除目錄）
rm：Remove（刪除目錄或文件）
cat: concatenate 連鎖
cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的內(nèi)容聯(lián)合起來放到file3中
insmod: install module,載入模塊
ln -s : link -soft 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)軟鏈接，相當(dāng)于創(chuàng)建一個(gè)快捷方式
mkdir：Make Directory(創(chuàng)建目錄)
touch
man: Manual
su：Swith user(切換用戶)
cd：Change directory
ls：List files
ps：Process Status
mkdir：Make directory
rmdir：Remove directory
mkfs: Make file system
fsck：File system check
uname: Unix name
lsmod: List modules
mv: Move file
rm: Remove file
cp: Copy file
ln: Link files
fg: Foreground
bg: Background
chown: Change owner
chgrp: Change group
chmod: Change mode
umount: Unmount
dd: 本來應(yīng)根據(jù)其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名為“cc”，但“cc”已經(jīng)被用以代表“CComplier”，所以命名為“dd”
tar：Tape archive （磁帶檔案）
ldd：List dynamic dependencies
insmod：Install module
rmmod：Remove module
lsmod：List module
文件結(jié)尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目錄下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；
nn（執(zhí)行順序號(hào)）；xxx（服務(wù)標(biāo)識(shí)）
.a（擴(kuò)展名a）：Archive，static library
.so（擴(kuò)展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
.o（擴(kuò)展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
RPM：Red hat package manager
dpkg：Debian package manager
apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的發(fā)行版中提供）
部分Linux命令縮寫
bin = Binaries (二進(jìn)制文件)
/dev = Devices (設(shè)備)
/etc = Etcetera (等等)
/lib = LIBrary
/proc = Processes
/sbin = Superuser Binaries (超級(jí)用戶的二進(jìn)制文件)
/tmp = Temporary (臨時(shí))
/usr = Unix Shared Resources
/var = Variable (變量)
FIFO = First In, First Out
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS= Internal Field Seperators
LILO = LInux LOader
MySQL = My 是最初作者女兒的名字，
SQL = Structured QueryLanguage
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor
PS = Prompt String
Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language"(實(shí)際的抽取和報(bào)告語言) ="Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"
Python 得名于電視劇Monty Python's Flying Circus
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT = Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache = "a patchy" server
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
ar = archiver
as = assembler
awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan"三個(gè)作者的姓的第一個(gè)字母
bash = Bourne Again SHell
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
bg = BackGround
biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely養(yǎng)的一條狗,喜歡對(duì)郵遞員汪汪叫。
cal = Calendar (日歷)
cat = Catenate (鏈接)
cd = Change Directory
chgrp = Change Group
chmod = Change Mode
chown = Change Owner
chsh = Change Shell
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture
comm = common
cp = Copy
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor
cron = Chronos 希臘文時(shí)間
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump (磁盤轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ))
df = Disk Free
diff = Difference
dmesg = diagnostic message
du = Disk Usage
ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute (執(zhí)行)
fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk = GNU AWK
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
groff = GNU troff
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe = Joe's Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell
lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses
ln = Link
lpr = Line PRint
ls = list
lsof = LiSt Open Files
m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
mknod = Make Node
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
mv = Move
nano = Nano's ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nohup = No HangUP
nroff = New ROFF
od = Octal Dump
passwd = Passwd
pg = pager
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
pine = "Program for Internet News &Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
ping = 擬聲 又 = Packet Internet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre
printf = Print Formatted
ps = Processes Status
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
pwd = Print Working Directory
rc = runcom = run command, rc還是plan9的shell
rev = REVerse
rm = ReMove
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager
rsh, rlogin, rvim中的
r = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
seamoneky = 我
sed = Stream Editor
seq = SEQuence
shar = Shell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure Shell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersion
tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh = TENEX C shell
tee = T (T形水管接口)
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tex = τ?χνη的縮寫，希臘文art
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom's Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User's LIMIT
umask = User's MASK
uniq = UNIQue
i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved
wall = write all
wc = Word Count
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler
Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell
su = Switch User
MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation
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