7 種提升 Spring Boot 吞吐量神技！
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'javajgs.com';
一、異步執(zhí)行
實(shí)現(xiàn)方式二種：
@aysnc、啟動(dòng)類(lèi)：添加@EnableAsync注解CompletableFuture@AllArgsConstructor
public class AskThread implements Runnable{
private CompletableFuture<Integer> re = null;
public void run() {
int myRe = 0;
try {
myRe = re.get() * re.get();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(myRe);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
final CompletableFuture<Integer> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
new Thread(new AskThread(future)).start();
//模擬長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的計(jì)算過(guò)程
Thread.sleep(1000);
//告知完成結(jié)果
future.complete(60);
}
}在該示例中，啟動(dòng)一個(gè)線(xiàn)程，此時(shí)AskThread對(duì)象還沒(méi)有拿到它需要的數(shù)據(jù)，執(zhí)行到 myRe = re.get() * re.get()會(huì)阻塞。我們用休眠1秒來(lái)模擬一個(gè)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的計(jì)算過(guò)程，并將計(jì)算結(jié)果告訴future執(zhí)行結(jié)果，AskThread線(xiàn)程將會(huì)繼續(xù)執(zhí)行。如果您正在學(xué)習(xí)Spring Boot，那么推薦一個(gè)連載多年還在繼續(xù)更新的免費(fèi)教程：http://blog.didispace.com/spring-boot-learning-2x/
public class Calc {
public static Integer calc(Integer para) {
try {
//模擬一個(gè)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的執(zhí)行
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return para * para;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
final CompletableFuture<Void> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> calc(50))
.thenApply((i) -> Integer.toString(i))
.thenApply((str) -> "\"" + str + "\"")
.thenAccept(System.out::println);
future.get();
}
}CompletableFuture.supplyAsync方法構(gòu)造一個(gè)CompletableFuture實(shí)例，在supplyAsync()方法中，它會(huì)在一個(gè)新線(xiàn)程中，執(zhí)行傳入的參數(shù)。在這里它會(huì)執(zhí)行calc()方法，這個(gè)方法可能是比較慢的，但這并不影響CompletableFuture實(shí)例的構(gòu)造速度，supplyAsync()會(huì)立即返回。
而返回的CompletableFuture實(shí)例就可以作為這次調(diào)用的契約，在將來(lái)任何場(chǎng)合，用于獲得最終的計(jì)算結(jié)果。最近整理了一份最新的面試資料，里面收錄了2021年各個(gè)大廠(chǎng)的面試題，打算跳槽的小伙伴不要錯(cuò)過(guò)，點(diǎn)擊領(lǐng)取吧！
supplyAsync用于提供返回值的情況，CompletableFuture還有一個(gè)不需要返回值的異步調(diào)用方法runAsync(Runnable runnable),一般我們?cè)趦?yōu)化Controller時(shí)，使用這個(gè)方法比較多。這兩個(gè)方法如果在不指定線(xiàn)程池的情況下，都是在ForkJoinPool.common線(xiàn)程池中執(zhí)行，而這個(gè)線(xiàn)程池中的所有線(xiàn)程都是Daemon（守護(hù)）線(xiàn)程，所以，當(dāng)主線(xiàn)程結(jié)束時(shí)，這些線(xiàn)程無(wú)論執(zhí)行完畢都會(huì)退出系統(tǒng)。
核心代碼：
CompletableFuture.runAsync(() ->
this.afterBetProcessor(betRequest,betDetailResult,appUser,id)
);異步調(diào)用使用Callable來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)
@RestController
public class HelloController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);
@Autowired
private HelloService hello;
@GetMapping("/helloworld")
public String helloWorldController() {
return hello.sayHello();
}
/**
* 異步調(diào)用restful
* 當(dāng)controller返回值是Callable的時(shí)候，springmvc就會(huì)啟動(dòng)一個(gè)線(xiàn)程將Callable交給TaskExecutor去處理
* 然后DispatcherServlet還有所有的spring攔截器都退出主線(xiàn)程，然后把response保持打開(kāi)的狀態(tài)
* 當(dāng)Callable執(zhí)行結(jié)束之后，springmvc就會(huì)重新啟動(dòng)分配一個(gè)request請(qǐng)求，然后DispatcherServlet就重新
* 調(diào)用和處理Callable異步執(zhí)行的返回結(jié)果， 然后返回視圖
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/hello")
public Callable<String> helloController() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 進(jìn)入helloController方法");
Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 進(jìn)入call方法");
String say = hello.sayHello();
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 從helloService方法返回");
return say;
}
};
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 從helloController方法返回");
return callable;
}
}異步調(diào)用的方式 WebAsyncTask
@RestController
public class HelloController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);
@Autowired
private HelloService hello;
/**
* 帶超時(shí)時(shí)間的異步請(qǐng)求 通過(guò)WebAsyncTask自定義客戶(hù)端超時(shí)間
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/world")
public WebAsyncTask<String> worldController() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 進(jìn)入helloController方法");
// 3s鐘沒(méi)返回，則認(rèn)為超時(shí)
WebAsyncTask<String> webAsyncTask = new WebAsyncTask<>(3000, new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 進(jìn)入call方法");
String say = hello.sayHello();
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 從helloService方法返回");
return say;
}
});
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 從helloController方法返回");
webAsyncTask.onCompletion(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 執(zhí)行完畢");
}
});
webAsyncTask.onTimeout(new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout");
// 超時(shí)的時(shí)候，直接拋異常，讓外層統(tǒng)一處理超時(shí)異常
throw new TimeoutException("調(diào)用超時(shí)");
}
});
return webAsyncTask;
}
/**
* 異步調(diào)用，異常處理，詳細(xì)的處理流程見(jiàn)MyExceptionHandler類(lèi)
*
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("/exception")
public WebAsyncTask<String> exceptionController() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 進(jìn)入helloController方法");
Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 進(jìn)入call方法");
throw new TimeoutException("調(diào)用超時(shí)!");
}
};
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 從helloController方法返回");
return new WebAsyncTask<>(20000, callable);
}
}二、增加內(nèi)嵌Tomcat的最大連接數(shù)
@Configuration
public class TomcatConfig {
@Bean
public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory webServerFactory() {
TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatFactory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();
tomcatFactory.addConnectorCustomizers(new MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer());
tomcatFactory.setPort(8005);
tomcatFactory.setContextPath("/api-g");
return tomcatFactory;
}
class MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer implements TomcatConnectorCustomizer {
public void customize(Connector connector) {
Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) connector.getProtocolHandler();
//設(shè)置最大連接數(shù)
protocol.setMaxConnections(20000);
//設(shè)置最大線(xiàn)程數(shù)
protocol.setMaxThreads(2000);
protocol.setConnectionTimeout(30000);
}
}
}三、使用@ComponentScan()定位掃包比@SpringBootApplication掃包更快
四、默認(rèn)tomcat容器改為Undertow（Jboss下的服務(wù)器，Tomcat吞吐量5000，Undertow吞吐量8000）
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>改為:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
</dependency>五、使用 BufferedWriter 進(jìn)行緩沖
六、Deferred方式實(shí)現(xiàn)異步調(diào)用
@RestController
public class AsyncDeferredController {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
private final LongTimeTask taskService;
@Autowired
public AsyncDeferredController(LongTimeTask taskService) {
this.taskService = taskService;
}
@GetMapping("/deferred")
public DeferredResult<String> executeSlowTask() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "進(jìn)入executeSlowTask方法");
DeferredResult<String> deferredResult = new DeferredResult<>();
// 調(diào)用長(zhǎng)時(shí)間執(zhí)行任務(wù)
taskService.execute(deferredResult);
// 當(dāng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間任務(wù)中使用deferred.setResult("world");這個(gè)方法時(shí)，會(huì)從長(zhǎng)時(shí)間任務(wù)中返回，繼續(xù)controller里面的流程
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "從executeSlowTask方法返回");
// 超時(shí)的回調(diào)方法
deferredResult.onTimeout(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout");
// 返回超時(shí)信息
deferredResult.setErrorResult("time out!");
}
});
// 處理完成的回調(diào)方法，無(wú)論是超時(shí)還是處理成功，都會(huì)進(jìn)入這個(gè)回調(diào)方法
deferredResult.onCompletion(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onCompletion");
}
});
return deferredResult;
}
}七、異步調(diào)用可以使用AsyncHandlerInterceptor進(jìn)行攔截
@Component
public class MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor implements AsyncHandlerInterceptor {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor.class);
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {
return true;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
// HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "服務(wù)調(diào)用完成，返回結(jié)果給客戶(hù)端");
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
if(null != ex){
System.out.println("發(fā)生異常:"+ex.getMessage());
}
}
@Override
public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {
// 攔截之后，重新寫(xiě)回?cái)?shù)據(jù)，將原來(lái)的hello world換成如下字符串
String resp = "my name is chhliu!";
response.setContentLength(resp.length());
response.getOutputStream().write(resp.getBytes());
logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 進(jìn)入afterConcurrentHandlingStarted方法");
}
}參考
https://my.oschina.net/u/3768341/blog/3001731
https://blog.csdn.net/liuchuanhong1/article/details/78744138
來(lái)源：https://xhcom.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88046026
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