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原文鏈接：https://cnblogs.com/cjsblog/p/14075486.html

SkyWalking 是一個(gè)應(yīng)用性能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，特別為微服務(wù)、云原生和基于容器（Docker, Kubernetes, Mesos）體系結(jié)構(gòu)而設(shè)計(jì)。除了應(yīng)用指標(biāo)監(jiān)控以外，它還能對分布式調(diào)用鏈路進(jìn)行追蹤。類似功能的組件還有：Zipkin、Pinpoint、CAT等。

上幾張圖，看看效果，然后再一步一步搭建并使用

1. 概念與架構(gòu)

SkyWalking是一個(gè)開源監(jiān)控平臺(tái)，用于從服務(wù)和云原生基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施收集、分析、聚合和可視化數(shù)據(jù)。SkyWalking提供了一種簡單的方法來維護(hù)分布式系統(tǒng)的清晰視圖，甚至可以跨云查看。它是一種現(xiàn)代APM，專門為云原生、基于容器的分布式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。

SkyWalking從三個(gè)維度對應(yīng)用進(jìn)行監(jiān)視：service（服務(wù)）, service instance（實(shí)例）, endpoint（端點(diǎn)）

服務(wù)和實(shí)例就不多說了，端點(diǎn)是服務(wù)中的某個(gè)路徑或者說URI

SkyWalking allows users to understand the topology relationship between Services and Endpoints, to view the metrics of every Service/Service Instance/Endpoint and to set alarm rules.

SkyWalking允許用戶了解服務(wù)和端點(diǎn)之間的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系，查看每個(gè)服務(wù)/服務(wù)實(shí)例/端點(diǎn)的度量，并設(shè)置警報(bào)規(guī)則。

1.1. 架構(gòu)

SkyWalking邏輯上分為四個(gè)部分：Probes（探針）, Platform backend（平臺(tái)后端）, Storage（存儲(chǔ)）, UI

這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)就很清晰了，探針就是Agent負(fù)責(zé)采集數(shù)據(jù)并上報(bào)給服務(wù)端，服務(wù)端對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理和存儲(chǔ)，UI負(fù)責(zé)展示

2. 下載與安裝

SkyWalking有兩中版本，ES版本和非ES版。如果我們決定采用ElasticSearch作為存儲(chǔ)，那么就下載es版本。

https://skywalking.apache.org/downloads/

https://archive.apache.org/dist/skywalking/

agent目錄將來要拷貝到各服務(wù)所在機(jī)器上用作探針

bin目錄是服務(wù)啟動(dòng)腳本

config目錄是配置文件

oap-libs目錄是oap服務(wù)運(yùn)行所需的jar包

webapp目錄是web服務(wù)運(yùn)行所需的jar包

接下來，要選擇存儲(chǔ)了，支持的存儲(chǔ)有：

H2
ElasticSearch 6, 7
MySQL
TiDB
InfluxDB

作為監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，首先排除H2和MySQL，這里推薦InfluxDB，它本身就是時(shí)序數(shù)據(jù)庫，非常適合這種場景

但是InfluxDB我不是很熟悉，所以這里先用ElasticSearch7

https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/master/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-storage.md

2.1. 安裝ElasticSearch

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.10/targz.html

# 啟動(dòng)./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid# 停止pkill -F pid

ElasticSearch7.x需要Java 11以上的版本，但是如果你設(shè)置了環(huán)境變量JAVA_HOME的話，它會(huì)用你自己的Java版本

通常，啟動(dòng)過程中會(huì)報(bào)以下三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤：

[1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65535][2]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144][3]: the default discovery settings are unsuitable for production use; at least one of [discovery.seed_hosts, discovery.seed_providers, cluster.initial_master_nodes] must be configured

解決方法：

在 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件中追加以下內(nèi)容：

* soft nofile 65536* hard nofile 65536* soft nproc  4096* hard nproc  4096

可通過以下四個(gè)命令查看修改結(jié)果：

ulimit -Hnulimit -Snulimit -Huulimit -Su

修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件，追加以下內(nèi)容：

vm.max_map_count=262144

修改es配置文件 elasticsearch.yml 取消注釋，保留一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)

cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]

為了能夠ip:port方式訪問，還需修改網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置

network.host: 0.0.0.0

修改完是這樣的：

至此，ElasticSearch算是啟動(dòng)成功了

一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)還不夠，這里用三個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)搭建一個(gè)集群

192.168.100.14 config/elasticsearch.yml

cluster.name: my-monitornode.name: node-1network.host: 192.168.100.14http.port: 9200discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]

192.168.100.15 config/elasticsearch.yml

cluster.name: my-monitornode.name: node-2network.host: 192.168.100.15http.port: 9200discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]

192.168.100.19 config/elasticsearch.yml

cluster.name: my-monitornode.name: node-3network.host: 192.168.100.19http.port: 9200discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]

同時(shí)，建議修改三個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)config/jvm.options

-Xms2g-Xmx2g

依次啟動(dòng)三個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)

pkill -F pid./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid

接下來，修改skywalking下config/application.yml 中配置es地址即可

storage:  selector: ${SW_STORAGE:elasticsearch7}  elasticsearch7:    nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}    clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:192.168.100.14:9200,192.168.100.15:9200,192.168.100.19:9200}

2.2. 安裝Agent

https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/service-agent/java-agent/README.md

將agent目錄拷貝至各服務(wù)所在的機(jī)器上

scp -r ./agent chengjs@192.168.100.12:~/

這里，我將它拷貝至各個(gè)服務(wù)目錄下

plugins是探針用到各種插件，SkyWalking插件都是即插即用的，可以把optional-plugins中的插件放到plugins中

修改 agent/config/agent.config 配置文件，也可以通過命令行參數(shù)指定

主要是配置服務(wù)名稱和后端服務(wù)地址

agent.service_name=${SW_AGENT_NAME:user-center}collector.backend_service=${SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES:192.168.100.17:11800}

當(dāng)然，也可以通過環(huán)境變量或系統(tǒng)屬性的方式來設(shè)置，例如：

export SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES=127.0.0.1:11800

最后，在服務(wù)啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候用命令行參數(shù) -javaagent 來指定探針

java -javaagent:/path/to/skywalking-agent/skywalking-agent.jar -jar yourApp.jar

例如：

java -javaagent:./agent/skywalking-agent.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev -Xms512m -Xmx1024m -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

3.  啟動(dòng)服務(wù)

修改 webapp/webapp.yml 文件，更改端口號(hào)及后端服務(wù)地址

server:  port: 9000
collector:  path: /graphql  ribbon:    ReadTimeout: 10000    # Point to all backend's restHost:restPort, split by ,    listOfServers: 127.0.0.1:12800

啟動(dòng)服務(wù)

bin/startup.sh

或者分別依次啟動(dòng)

bin/oapService.shbin/webappService.sh

查看logs目錄下的日志文件，看是否啟動(dòng)成功

瀏覽器訪問 http://127.0.0.1:9000

4. 告警

編輯 alarm-settings.yml 設(shè)置告警規(guī)則和通知

https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-alarm.md

重點(diǎn)說下告警通知

為了使用釘釘機(jī)器人通知，接下來，新建一個(gè)項(xiàng)目

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <parent>        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>        <version>2.4.0</version>        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->    </parent>    <groupId>com.wt.monitor</groupId>    <artifactId>skywalking-alarm</artifactId>    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    <name>skywalking-alarm</name>
    <properties>        <java.version>1.8</java.version>    </properties>
    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>        </dependency>
        <dependency>            <groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>            <artifactId>alibaba-dingtalk-service-sdk</artifactId>            <version>1.0.1</version>        </dependency>
        <dependency>            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>            <version>1.15</version>        </dependency>
        <dependency>            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>            <version>1.2.75</version>        </dependency>
        <dependency>            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>            <optional>true</optional>        </dependency>    </dependencies>
    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>        </plugins>    </build>
</project>

可選依賴（不建議引入）

<dependency    <groupId>org.apache.skywalking</groupId>    <artifactId>server-core</artifactId>    <version>8.2.0</version></dependency>

定義告警消息實(shí)體類

package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
/** * @author ChengJianSheng * @date 2020/12/1 */@Datapublic class AlarmMessageDTO implements Serializable {
    private int scopeId;
    private String scope;
    /**     * Target scope entity name     */    private String name;
    private String id0;
    private String id1;
    private String ruleName;
    /**     * Alarm text message     */    private String alarmMessage;
    /**     * Alarm time measured in milliseconds     */    private long startTime;
}

發(fā)送釘釘機(jī)器人消息

package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service;
import com.dingtalk.api.DefaultDingTalkClient;import com.dingtalk.api.DingTalkClient;import com.dingtalk.api.request.OapiRobotSendRequest;import com.taobao.api.ApiException;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.crypto.Mac;import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.net.URLEncoder;import java.security.InvalidKeyException;import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
/** * https://ding-doc.dingtalk.com/doc#/serverapi2/qf2nxq * @author ChengJianSheng * @data 2020/12/1 */@Slf4j@Servicepublic class DingTalkAlarmService {
    @Value("${dingtalk.webhook}")    private String webhook;    @Value("${dingtalk.secret}")    private String secret;
    public void sendMessage(String content) {        try {            Long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();            String stringToSign = timestamp + "\n" + secret;            Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");            mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA256"));            byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8"));            String sign = URLEncoder.encode(new String(Base64.encodeBase64(signData)),"UTF-8");
            String serverUrl = webhook + "&timestamp=" + timestamp + "&sign=" + sign;            DingTalkClient client = new DefaultDingTalkClient(serverUrl);            OapiRobotSendRequest request = new OapiRobotSendRequest();            request.setMsgtype("text");            OapiRobotSendRequest.Text text = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Text();            text.setContent(content);            request.setText(text);
            client.execute(request);        } catch (ApiException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);        } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);        }    }}

AlarmController.java

package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.controller;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain.AlarmMessageDTO;import com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service.DingTalkAlarmService;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.text.MessageFormat;import java.util.List;
/** * @author ChengJianSheng * @date 2020/12/1 */@Slf4j@RestController@RequestMapping("/skywalking")public class AlarmController {
    @Autowired    private DingTalkAlarmService dingTalkAlarmService;
    @PostMapping("/alarm")    public void alarm(@RequestBody List<AlarmMessageDTO> alarmMessageDTOList) {       log.info("收到告警信息: {}", JSON.toJSONString(alarmMessageDTOList));       if (null != alarmMessageDTOList) {           alarmMessageDTOList.forEach(e->dingTalkAlarmService.sendMessage(MessageFormat.format("-----來自SkyWalking的告警-----\n【名稱】: {0}\n【消息】: {1}\n", e.getName(), e.getAlarmMessage())));       }    }}

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點(diǎn)亮，服務(wù)器三年不宕機(jī)

微服務(wù)項(xiàng)目自從用了SkyWalking監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，睡覺也香了~