50條有趣的Python一行代碼！
一些復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，甚至可以使用一行Python代碼就能搞定。
下面，給大家介紹50個有趣的Python一行代碼，都很實用。
希望大家能從中找到對自己有幫助的技巧。
▍1、字母異位詞
兩個單詞如果包含相同的字母，次序不同，則稱為字母易位詞(anagram)。
例如，“silent”和“l(fā)isten”是字母易位詞，而“apple”和“aplee”不是易位詞。
from collections import Counter
s1 = 'below'
s2 = 'elbow'
print('anagram') if Counter(s1) == Counter(s2) else print('not an anagram')
使用一行Python代碼，就能判斷出來了。
▍2、二進制轉(zhuǎn)十進制
decimal = int('1010', 2)
print(decimal) #10
▍3、將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為小寫
print("Hi my name is XiaoF".lower())
# 'hi my name is xiaof'
print("Hi my name is XiaoF".casefold())
# 'hi my name is xiaof'
▍4、將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為大寫
print("hi my name is XiaoF".upper())
# 'HI MY NAME IS XIAOF'
▍5、將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為字節(jié)
print("convert string to bytes using encode method".encode())
# b'convert string to bytes using encode method'
▍6、拷貝文件
import shutil
shutil.copyfile('source.txt', 'dest.txt')
▍7、快速排序
qsort = lambda l: l if len(l) <= 1 else qsort([x for x in l[1:] if x < l[0]]) + [l[0]] + qsort([x for x in l[1:] if x >= l[0]])
print(qsort([17, 29, 11, 97, 103, 5]))
# [5, 11, 17, 29, 97, 103]
▍8、n個連續(xù)數(shù)的和
n = 10
print(sum(range(0, n+1)))
# 55
▍9、交換兩個變量的值
a,b = b,a
▍10、斐波納契數(shù)列
fib = lambda x: x if x<=1 else fib(x-1) + fib(x-2)
print(fib(20))
# 6765
▍11、將嵌套列表合并為一個列表
main_list = [[0, 1, 2], [11, 12, 13], [52, 53, 54]]
result = [item for sublist in main_list for item in sublist]
print(result)
>
[0, 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 52, 53, 54]
▍12、運行一個HTTP服務(wù)器
python3 -m http.server 8000
python2 -m SimpleHTTPServer
▍13、反轉(zhuǎn)列表
numbers = [0, 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 52, 53, 54]
print(numbers[::-1])
# [54, 53, 52, 13, 12, 11, 2, 1, 0]
▍14、階乘
import math
fact_5 = math.factorial(5)
print(fact_5)
# 120
▍15、在列表推導(dǎo)式中使用for和if
even_list = [number for number in [1, 2, 3, 4] if number % 2 == 0]
print(even_list)
# [2, 4]
▍16、列表中最長的字符串
words = ['This', 'is', 'a', 'list', 'of', 'words']
result = max(words, key=len)
print(result)
# 'words'
▍17、列表推導(dǎo)式
li = [num for num in range(0, 10)]
print(li)
# [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
▍18、集合推導(dǎo)式
num_set = {num for num in range(0, 10)}
print(num_set)
# {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
▍19、字典推導(dǎo)式
dict_numbers = {x: x*x for x in range(1, 5)}
print(dict_numbers)
# {1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16}
▍20、if-else
print("even") if 4 % 2==0 else print("odd")
▍21、無限循環(huán)
while 1:0
▍22、檢查數(shù)據(jù)類型
print(isinstance(2, int))
# True
print(isinstance("allwin", str))
# True
print(isinstance([3, 4, 1997], list))
# True
▍23、While循環(huán)
a = 5
while a > 0:
a = a - 1
print(a)
# 0
▍24、使用print語句寫入文件
print("Hello, World!", file=open('file.txt', 'w'))
既可打印出信息，還能將信息保存文件。
▍25、計算一個字符在字符串中出現(xiàn)的頻率
print("umbrella".count('l'))
# 2
▍26、合并列表
list1 = [1, 2, 4]
list2 = ['XiaoF']
list1.extend(list2)
print(list1)
# [1, 2, 4, 'XiaoF']
▍27、合并字典
dict1 = {'name': 'weiwei', 'age': 23}
dict2 = {'city': 'Beijing'}
dict1.update(dict2)
print(dict1)
# {'name': 'weiwei', 'age': 23, 'city': 'Beijing'}
▍28、合并集合
set1 = {0, 1, 2}
set2 = {11, 12, 13}
set1.update(set2)
print(set1)
# {0, 1, 2, 11, 12, 13}
▍29、時間戳
import time
print(time.time())
▍30、列表中出現(xiàn)次數(shù)最多的元素
test_list = [9, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 9, 5, 4]
most_frequent_element = max(set(test_list), key=test_list.count)
print(most_frequent_element)
# 4
▍31、嵌套列表
numbers = [[num] for num in range(10)]
print(numbers)
# [[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9]]
▍32、八進制轉(zhuǎn)十進制
print(int('30', 8))
# 24
▍33、將鍵值對轉(zhuǎn)換為字典
result = dict(name='XiaoF', age=23)
print(result)
# {'name': 'XiaoF', 'age': 23}
▍34、求商和余數(shù)
quotient, remainder = divmod(4, 5)
print(quotient, remainder)
# 0 4
divmod()函數(shù)返回當(dāng)參數(shù)1除以參數(shù)2時，包含商和余數(shù)的元組。
▍35、刪除列表中的重復(fù)項
print(list(set([4, 4, 5, 5, 6])))
# [4, 5, 6]
▍36、按升序排序列表
print(sorted([5, 2, 9, 1]))
# [1, 2, 5, 9]
▍37、按降序排序列表
print(sorted([5, 2, 9, 1], reverse=True))
# [9, 5, 2, 1]
▍38、獲取小寫字母表
import string
print(string.ascii_lowercase)
# abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
▍39、獲取大寫字母表
import string
print(string.ascii_uppercase)
# ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
▍40、獲取0到9字符串
import string
print(string.digits)
# 0123456789
▍41、十六進制轉(zhuǎn)十進制
print(int('da9', 16))
# 3497
▍42、日期時間
import time
print(time.ctime())
# Thu Aug 13 20:00:00 2021
▍43、將列表中的字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為整數(shù)
print(list(map(int, ['1', '2', '3'])))
# [1, 2, 3]
▍44、用鍵對字典進行排序
d = {'one': 1, 'four': 4, 'eight': 8}
result = {key: d[key] for key in sorted(d.keys())}
print(result)
# {'eight': 8, 'four': 4, 'one': 1}
▍45、用鍵值對字典進行排序
x = {1: 2, 3: 4, 4: 3, 2: 1, 0: 0}
result = {k: v for k, v in sorted(x.items(), key=lambda item: item[1])}
print(result)
# {0: 0, 2: 1, 1: 2, 4: 3, 3: 4}
▍46、列表旋轉(zhuǎn)
li = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
# li[n:] + li[:n], 右變左
print(li[2:] + li[:2])
# [3, 4, 5, 1, 2]
# li[-n:] + li[:-n], 左變右
print(li[-1:] + li[:-1])
# [5, 1, 2, 3, 4]
▍47、將字符串中的數(shù)字移除
message = ''.join(list(filter(lambda x: x.isalpha(), 'abc123def4fg56vcg2')))
print(message)
# abcdeffgvcg
▍48、矩陣變換
old_list = [[1, 2, 3], [3, 4, 6], [5, 6, 7]]
result = list(list(x) for x in zip(*old_list))
print(result)
# [[1, 3, 5], [2, 4, 6], [3, 6, 7]]
▍49、列表過濾
result = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]))
print(result)
# [2, 4, 6]
▍50、解包
a, *b, c = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(a) # 1
print(b) # [2, 3, 4]
print(c) # 5
