推薦一款日志切割神器
點(diǎn)擊上方藍(lán)色“程序猿DD”,選擇“設(shè)為星標(biāo)”
回復(fù)“資源”獲取獨(dú)家整理的學(xué)習(xí)資料!

對(duì)于 Linux 系統(tǒng)安全來說,日志文件是極其重要的工具。不知為何,我發(fā)現(xiàn)很多運(yùn)維同學(xué)的服務(wù)器上都運(yùn)行著一些諸如每天切分 Nginx日志之類的 CRON 腳本,大家似乎遺忘了 Logrotate,爭(zhēng)相發(fā)明自己的輪子,這真是讓人沮喪啊!就好比明明身邊躺著現(xiàn)成的性感美女,大家卻忙著自?shī)首詷罚镞^!
logrotate 程序是一個(gè)日志文件管理工具。用于分割日志文件,刪除舊的日志文件,并創(chuàng)建新的日志文件,起到“轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)”作用。可以節(jié)省磁盤空間。下面就對(duì) logrotate 日志輪轉(zhuǎn)操作做一梳理記錄。
1、配置文件介紹
/etc/logrotate.conf
/etc/logrotate.d/另外,如果 /etc/logrotate.d/ 里面的文件中沒有設(shè)定一些細(xì)節(jié),則會(huì)以/etc/logrotate.conf這個(gè)文件的設(shè)定來作為默認(rèn)值。
Logrotate是基于CRON來運(yùn)行的,其腳本是/etc/cron.daily/logrotate,日志輪轉(zhuǎn)是系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)完成的。實(shí)際運(yùn)行時(shí),Logrotate會(huì)調(diào)用配置文件/etc/logrotate.conf。可以在/etc/logrotate.d目錄里放置自定義好的配置文件,用來覆蓋Logrotate的缺省值。
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]# cat /etc/cron.daily/logrotate
#!/bin/sh
/usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf >/dev/null 2>&1
EXITVALUE=$?
if?[?$EXITVALUE?!= 0 ];?then
????/usr/bin/logger -t logrotate?"ALERT exited abnormally with [$EXITVALUE]"
fi
exit?0#?/usr/sbin/logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.d/nginx
#?/usr/sbin/logrotate -d -f /etc/logrotate.d/nginxlogrotate 命令格式:
logrotate [OPTION...]?
-d, --debug?:debug模式,測(cè)試配置文件是否有錯(cuò)誤。
-f, --force :強(qiáng)制轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)文件。
-m, --mail=command?:壓縮日志后,發(fā)送日志到指定郵箱。
-s, --state=statefile :使用指定的狀態(tài)文件。
-v, --verbose?:顯示轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)過程。根據(jù)日志切割設(shè)置進(jìn)行操作,并顯示詳細(xì)信息:
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]# /usr/sbin/logrotate -v /etc/logrotate.conf
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]# /usr/sbin/logrotate -v /etc/logrotate.d/php根據(jù)日志切割設(shè)置進(jìn)行執(zhí)行,并顯示詳細(xì)信息,但是不進(jìn)行具體操作,debug模式
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]# /usr/sbin/logrotate -d /etc/logrotate.conf
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]# /usr/sbin/logrotate -d /etc/logrotate.d/nginx查看各log文件的具體執(zhí)行情況
[root@fangfull_web1 ~]# cat /var/lib/logrotate.status2、切割介紹
比如以系統(tǒng)日志/var/log/message做切割來簡(jiǎn)單說明下:
第一次執(zhí)行完rotate(輪轉(zhuǎn))之后,原本的messages會(huì)變成messages.1,而且會(huì)制造一個(gè)空的messages給系統(tǒng)來儲(chǔ)存日志;
第二次執(zhí)行之后,messages.1會(huì)變成messages.2,而messages會(huì)變成messages.1,又造成一個(gè)空的messages來儲(chǔ)存日志!
# cat /etc/logrotate.conf
# 底下的設(shè)定是 "logrotate 的默認(rèn)值" ,如果別的文件設(shè)定了其他的值,
# 就會(huì)以其它文件的設(shè)定為主
weekly?//默認(rèn)每一周執(zhí)行一次rotate輪轉(zhuǎn)工作
rotate?4???????//保留多少個(gè)日志文件(輪轉(zhuǎn)幾次).默認(rèn)保留四個(gè).就是指定日志文件刪除之前輪轉(zhuǎn)的次數(shù),0 指沒有備份
create?//自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建新的日志文件,新的日志文件具有和原來的文件相同的權(quán)限;因?yàn)槿罩颈桓拿?因此要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)新的來繼續(xù)存儲(chǔ)之前的日志
dateext?//這個(gè)參數(shù)很重要!就是切割后的日志文件以當(dāng)前日期為格式結(jié)尾,如xxx.log-20131216這樣,如果注釋掉,切割出來是按數(shù)字遞增,即前面說的 xxx.log-1這種格式
compress?//是否通過gzip壓縮轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)以后的日志文件,如xxx.log-20131216.gz ;如果不需要壓縮,注釋掉就行
include?/etc/logrotate.d
# 將 /etc/logrotate.d/ 目錄中的所有文件都加載進(jìn)來
/var/log/wtmp {?//僅針對(duì) /var/log/wtmp 所設(shè)定的參數(shù)
monthly?//每月一次切割,取代默認(rèn)的一周
minsize?1M?//文件大小超過 1M 后才會(huì)切割
create?0664?root utmp?//指定新建的日志文件權(quán)限以及所屬用戶和組
rotate?1????????????????????//只保留一個(gè)日志.
}
# 這個(gè) wtmp 可記錄用戶登錄系統(tǒng)及系統(tǒng)重啟的時(shí)間
# 因?yàn)橛?minsize 的參數(shù),因此不見得每個(gè)月一定會(huì)執(zhí)行一次喔.要看文件大小。其他重要參數(shù)說明:
compress?#通過gzip 壓縮轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)以后的日志
nocompress?#不做gzip壓縮處理
copytruncate?#用于還在打開中的日志文件,把當(dāng)前日志備份并截?cái)啵皇窍瓤截愒偾蹇盏姆绞剑截惡颓蹇罩g有一個(gè)時(shí)間差,可能會(huì)丟失部分日志數(shù)據(jù)。
nocopytruncate?#備份日志文件不過不截?cái)?/span>
create mode owner group?#輪轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)指定創(chuàng)建新文件的屬性,如create 0777 nobody nobody
nocreate?#不建立新的日志文件
delaycompress?#和compress 一起使用時(shí),轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)的日志文件到下一次轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)時(shí)才壓縮
nodelaycompress?#覆蓋 delaycompress 選項(xiàng),轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)同時(shí)壓縮。
missingok?#如果日志丟失,不報(bào)錯(cuò)繼續(xù)滾動(dòng)下一個(gè)日志
errors address?#專儲(chǔ)時(shí)的錯(cuò)誤信息發(fā)送到指定的Email 地址
ifempty?#即使日志文件為空文件也做輪轉(zhuǎn),這個(gè)是logrotate的缺省選項(xiàng)。
notifempty?#當(dāng)日志文件為空時(shí),不進(jìn)行輪轉(zhuǎn)
mail address?#把轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)的日志文件發(fā)送到指定的E-mail 地址
nomail?#轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)時(shí)不發(fā)送日志文件
olddir directory?#轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)后的日志文件放入指定的目錄,必須和當(dāng)前日志文件在同一個(gè)文件系統(tǒng)
noolddir?#轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)后的日志文件和當(dāng)前日志文件放在同一個(gè)目錄下
sharedscripts?#運(yùn)行postrotate腳本,作用是在所有日志都輪轉(zhuǎn)后統(tǒng)一執(zhí)行一次腳本。如果沒有配置這個(gè),那么每個(gè)日志輪轉(zhuǎn)后都會(huì)執(zhí)行一次腳本
prerotate?#在logrotate轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)之前需要執(zhí)行的指令,例如修改文件的屬性等動(dòng)作;必須獨(dú)立成行
postrotate?#在logrotate轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)之后需要執(zhí)行的指令,例如重新啟動(dòng) (kill -HUP) 某個(gè)服務(wù)!必須獨(dú)立成行
daily?#指定轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)周期為每天
weekly?#指定轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)周期為每周
monthly?#指定轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)周期為每月
rotate count?#指定日志文件刪除之前轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)的次數(shù),0 指沒有備份,5 指保留5 個(gè)備份
dateext?#使用當(dāng)期日期作為命名格式
dateformat .%s?#配合dateext使用,緊跟在下一行出現(xiàn),定義文件切割后的文件名,必須配合dateext使用,只支持 %Y %m %d %s 這四個(gè)參數(shù)
size(或minsize)?log-size?#當(dāng)日志文件到達(dá)指定的大小時(shí)才轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ),log-size能指定bytes(缺省)及KB (sizek)或MB(sizem).
當(dāng)日志文件 >=?log-size 的時(shí)候就轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)。以下為合法格式:(其他格式的單位大小寫沒有試過)
size = 5 或 size 5 (>= 5 個(gè)字節(jié)就轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ))
size = 100k 或 size 100k
size = 100M 或 size 100M[root@master-server ~]# vim /etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/usr/local/nginx/logs/*.log?{
daily
rotate 7
missingok
notifempty
dateext
sharedscripts
postrotate
if?[ -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid ];?then
kill?-USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
fi
endscript
}[root@bastion-IDC ~# vim /etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/data/nginx_logs/*.access_log
{
nocompress
daily
copytruncate
create
ifempty
olddir /data/nginx_logs/days
rotate?0????????????????????????????????????????
}[root@bastion-IDC ~# vim /usr/local/sbin/logrotate-nginx.sh
#!/bin/bash
#創(chuàng)建轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)日志壓縮存放目錄
mkdir -p /data/nginx_logs/days
#手工對(duì)nginx日志進(jìn)行切割轉(zhuǎn)換
/usr/sbin/logrotate -vf /etc/logrotate.d/nginx
#當(dāng)前時(shí)間
time=$(date -d?"yesterday"?+"%Y-%m-%d")
#進(jìn)入轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)日志存放目錄
cd?/data/nginx_logs/days
#對(duì)目錄中的轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)日志文件的文件名進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一轉(zhuǎn)換
for?i?in?$(ls ./ | grep?"^\(.*\)\.[[:digit:]]$")
do
mv?${i}?./$(echo?${i}|sed -n?'s/^\(.*\)\.\([[:digit:]]\)$/\1/p')-$(echo?$time)
done
#對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)的日志文件進(jìn)行壓縮存放,并刪除原有轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)的日志文件,只保存壓縮后的日志文件。以節(jié)約存儲(chǔ)空間
for?i?in?$(ls ./ | grep?"^\(.*\)\-\([[:digit:]-]\+\)$")
do
tar jcvf?${i}.bz2 ./${i}
rm -rf ./${i}
done
#只保留最近7天的壓縮轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)日志文件
find /data/nginx_logs/days/* -name?"*.bz2"?-mtime 7 -type?f -exec?rm -rf {} \;[root@bastion-IDC ~# crontab -e
#logrotate
0?0?* * *?/bin/bash?-x /usr/local/sbin/logrotate-nginx.sh >?/dev/null?2>[root@bastion-IDC ~# /bin/bash -x /usr/local/sbin/logrotate-nginx.sh
[root@bastion-IDC ~# cd /data/nginx_logs/days
[root@bastion-IDC days# ls
huantest.access_log-2017-01-18.bz2[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]# cat /etc/logrotate.d/php
/Data/logs/php/*log {
????daily
????rotate?365
????missingok
????notifempty
????compress
????dateext
????sharedscripts
????postrotate
if?[ -f /Data/app/php5.6.26/var/run/php-fpm.pid ];?then
kill -USR1 `cat /Data/app/php5.6.26/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
????????fi
????endscript
????postrotate
????????/bin/chmod 644 /Data/logs/php/*gz
????endscript
}
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]# ll /Data/app/php5.6.26/var/run/php-fpm.pid
-rw-r--r--?1?root root?4?Dec?28?17:03?/Data/app/php5.6.26/var/run/php-fpm.pid
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]# cd /Data/logs/php
[root@huanqiu_web1 php]# ll
total?25676
-rw-r--r--?1?root root?0?Jun?1??2016?error.log
-rw-r--r--?1?nobody nobody?182?Aug?30??2015?error.log-20150830.gz
-rw-r--r--?1?nobody nobody?371?Sep?1??2015?error.log-20150901.gz
-rw-r--r--?1?nobody nobody?315?Sep?7??2015?error.log-20150907.gz
.........
.........[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]#?cat?/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/Data/logs/nginx/*/*log?{
????daily
????rotate?365
????missingok
????notifempty
????compress
????dateext
????sharedscripts
????postrotate
????/etc/init.d/nginx reload
????endscript
}
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]#?ll?/Data/logs/nginx/www.huanqiu.com/
..........
-rw-r--r--?1?root root?1652?Jan?1?00:00?error.log-20170101.gz
-rw-r--r--?1?root root?1289?Jan?2?00:00?error.log-20170102.gz
-rw-r--r--?1?root root?1633?Jan?3?00:00?error.log-20170103.gz
-rw-r--r--?1?root root?3239?Jan?4?00:00?error.log-20170104.gz[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]#?cat?/etc/logrotate.d/syslog
/var/log/cron
/var/log/maillog
/var/log/messages
/var/log/secure
/var/log/spooler
{
????sharedscripts
????postrotate
????/bin/kill -HUP `cat?/var/run/syslogd.pid?2> /dev/null`?2> /dev/null || true
????endscript
}
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]#?ll?/var/log/messages*
-rw-------?1?root root?34248975?Jan?19?18:42?/var/log/messages
-rw-------?1?root root?51772994?Dec?25?03:11?/var/log/messages-20161225
-rw-------?1?root root?51800210?Jan?1?03:05?/var/log/messages-20170101
-rw-------?1?root root?51981366?Jan?8?03:36?/var/log/messages-20170108
-rw-------?1?root root?51843025?Jan?15?03:40?/var/log/messages-20170115
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]#?ll?/var/log/cron*
-rw-------?1?root root?2155681?Jan?19?18:43?/var/log/cron
-rw-------?1?root root?2932618?Dec?25?03:11?/var/log/cron-20161225
-rw-------?1?root root?2939305?Jan?1?03:06?/var/log/cron-20170101
-rw-------?1?root root?2951820?Jan?8?03:37?/var/log/cron-20170108
-rw-------?1?root root?3203992?Jan?15?03:41?/var/log/cron-20170115
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]#?ll?/var/log/secure*
-rw-------?1?root root?275343?Jan?19?18:36?/var/log/secure
-rw-------?1?root root?2111936?Dec?25?03:06?/var/log/secure-20161225
-rw-------?1?root root?2772744?Jan?1?02:57?/var/log/secure-20170101
-rw-------?1?root root?1115543?Jan?8?03:26?/var/log/secure-20170108
-rw-------?1?root root?731599?Jan?15?03:40?/var/log/secure-20170115
[root@huanqiu_web1 ~]#?ll?/var/log/spooler*
-rw-------?1?root root?0?Jan?15?03:41?/var/log/spooler
-rw-------?1?root root?0?Dec?18?03:21?/var/log/spooler-20161225
-rw-------?1?root root?0?Dec?25?03:11?/var/log/spooler-20170101
-rw-------?1?root root?0?Jan?1?03:06?/var/log/spooler-20170108
-rw-------?1?root root?0?Jan?8?03:37?/var/log/spooler-20170115[root@huanqiu-backup?~]# cat /etc/logrotate.d/tomcat
/Data/app/tomcat-7-huanqiu/logs/catalina.out {
rotate?14
daily
copytruncate
compress
notifempty
missingok
}
[root@huanqiu-backup?~]# ll /Data/app/tomcat-7-huanqiu/logs/catalina.*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jan 19 19:11 /Data/app/tomcat-7-huanqiu/logs/catalina.out
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 95668 Jan 19 19:11 /Data/app/tomcat-7-huanqiu/logs/catalina.out.1.gz[root@letv-backup ~]# vim /letv/sh/cut_nginx_log.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 你的日志文件存放目錄
logs_path="/letv/logs/"
# 日志文件的名字,多個(gè)需要空格隔開
logs_names=(error access pv_access)
dates=`date -d?"yesterday"?+"%Y%m%d"`
mkdir -p?${logs_path}$dates/
num=${#logs_names[@]}
for((i=0;ido
mv?${logs_path}${logs_names[i]}.log?${logs_path}$dates/${logs_names[i]}.log
done
#nginx平滑重啟
kill?-USR1 `cat /letv/logs/nginx/nginx.pid`
結(jié)合crontab定時(shí)執(zhí)行
[root@letv-backup ~]# crontab -e
#nginx日志切割
00 00 * * *?cd?/letv/logs;/bin/bash /letv/sh/cut_nginx_log.sh > /dev/null 2>$13、嘗試解決logrotate無法自動(dòng)輪詢?nèi)罩镜霓k法
[root@huanqiu_test ~]# cat /etc/cron.daily/logrotate
#!/bin/sh
/usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf >/dev/null 2>&1
EXITVALUE=$?
if?[?$EXITVALUE?!= 0 ];?then
????/usr/bin/logger -t logrotate?"ALERT exited abnormally with [$EXITVALUE]"
fi
exit?0[root@huanqiu_test ~]# /usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf[root@huanqiu_test ~]# cat /etc/cron.daily/logrotate
#!/bin/sh
/usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf >/dev/null 2>&1
EXITVALUE=$?
if?[?$EXITVALUE?!= 0 ];?then
????/usr/bin/logger -f logrotate?"ALERT exited abnormally with [$EXITVALUE]"
fi
exit[root@huanqiu_test ~]# /etc/init.d/crond?restart
Stopping?crond:?[ OK ]
Starting?crond:?[ OK ]Logrotate是基于CRON來運(yùn)行的,其腳本是/etc/cron.daily/logrotate,實(shí)際運(yùn)行時(shí),Logrotate會(huì)調(diào)用配置文件/etc/logrotate.conf。
[root@test?~]# cat /etc/cron.daily/logrotate
#!/bin/sh
/usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf
EXITVALUE=$?
if?[?$EXITVALUE?!= 0 ];?then
????/usr/bin/logger -t logrotate?"ALERT exited abnormally with [$EXITVALUE]"
fi
exit?0
Logrotate是基于CRON運(yùn)行的,所以這個(gè)時(shí)間是由CRON控制的,具體可以查詢CRON的配置文件/etc/anacrontab(老版本的文件是/etc/crontab)
[root@test?~]# cat /etc/anacrontab
# /etc/anacrontab: configuration file for anacron
# See anacron(8) and anacrontab(5) for details.
SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
MAILTO=root
# the maximal random delay added to the base delay of the jobs
RANDOM_DELAY=45 //這個(gè)是隨機(jī)的延遲時(shí)間,表示最大45分鐘
# the jobs will be started during the following hours only
START_HOURS_RANGE=3-22 //這個(gè)是開始時(shí)間
#period in days delay in minutes job-identifier command
1 5 cron.daily nice run-parts /etc/cron.daily
7 25 cron.weekly nice run-parts /etc/cron.weekly
@monthly 45 cron.monthly nice run-parts /etc/cron.monthly
第一個(gè)是Recurrence period
第二個(gè)是延遲時(shí)間
所以cron.daily會(huì)在3:22+(5,45)這個(gè)時(shí)間段執(zhí)行,/etc/cron.daily是個(gè)文件夾
通過默認(rèn)/etc/anacrontab文件配置,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)logrotate自動(dòng)切割日志文件的默認(rèn)時(shí)間是凌晨3點(diǎn)多。
==================================================================================================
現(xiàn)在需要將切割時(shí)間調(diào)整到每天的晚上12點(diǎn),即每天切割的日志是前一天的0-24點(diǎn)之間的內(nèi)容。
操作如下:
[root@kevin ~]# mv /etc/anacrontab /etc/anacrontab.bak //取消日志自動(dòng)輪轉(zhuǎn)的設(shè)置
[root@G6-bs02 logrotate.d]# cat nstc_nohup.out
/data/nstc/nohup.out {
rotate 30
dateext
daily
copytruncate
compress
notifempty
missingok
}
[root@G6-bs02 logrotate.d]# cat syslog
/var/log/cron
/var/log/maillog
/var/log/messages
/var/log/secure
/var/log/history
{
????sharedscripts
????compress
????rotate 30
????daily
????dateext
????postrotate
????/bin/kill?-HUP `cat /var/run/syslogd.pid 2> /dev/null` 2> /dev/null ||?true
????endscript
}
結(jié)合crontab進(jìn)行自定義的定時(shí)輪轉(zhuǎn)操作
[root@kevin ~]# crontab -l
#log logrotate
59 23 * * * /usr/sbin/logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.d/syslog >/dev/null 2>&1
59 23 * * * /usr/sbin/logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.d/nstc_nohup.out >/dev/null 2>&1
[root@G6-bs02 ~]# ll /data/nstc/nohup.out*
-rw------- 1 app app 33218 1月 25 09:43 /data/nstc/nohup.out
-rw------- 1 app app 67678 1月 25 23:59 /data/nstc/nohup.out-20180125.gz實(shí)例1:對(duì)jumpserver日志進(jìn)行切割
[root@test-vm01 mnt]#?cat?log_rotate.py
#!/usr/bin/env?python
import datetime,os,sys,shutil
log_path =?'/opt/jumpserver/logs/'
log_file =?'jumpserver.log'
yesterday = (datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days =?1))
try:
????os.makedirs(log_path + yesterday.strftime('%Y') + os.sep + \
????????????????yesterday.strftime('%m'))
except OSError,e:
print
print?e
????sys.exit()
shutil.move(log_path + log_file,log_path \
????????????+ yesterday.strftime('%Y') + os.sep \
????????????+ yesterday.strftime('%m') + os.sep \
????????????+ log_file +?'_'?+ yesterday.strftime('%Y%m%d') +?'.log')
os.popen("sudo /opt/jumpserver/service.sh restart")
手動(dòng)執(zhí)行這個(gè)腳本:
[root@test-vm01 mnt]# chmod?755?log_rotate.py
[root@test-vm01 mnt]#?python?log_rotate.py
查看日志切割后的效果:
[root@test-vm01 mnt]#?ls?/opt/jumpserver/logs/
2017??jumpserver.log?
[root@test-vm01 mnt]#?ls?/opt/jumpserver/logs/2017/
09
[root@test-vm01 mnt]#?ls?/opt/jumpserver/logs/2017/09/
jumpserver.log_20170916.log
然后做每日的定時(shí)切割任務(wù):
[root@test-vm01 mnt]# crontab -e
30?1?* * * /usr/bin/python?/mnt/log_rotate.py?> /dev/null?2>&1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
實(shí)例2:對(duì)nginx日志進(jìn)行切割
[root@test-vm01 mnt]#?vim?log_rotate.py
#!/usr/bin/env?python
import datetime,os,sys,shutil
log_path =?'/app/nginx/logs/'
log_file =?'www_access.log'
yesterday = (datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days =?1))
try:
????os.makedirs(log_path + yesterday.strftime('%Y') + os.sep + \
????????????????yesterday.strftime('%m'))
except OSError,e:
print
print?e
????sys.exit()
shutil.move(log_path + log_file,log_path \
????????????+ yesterday.strftime('%Y') + os.sep \
????????????+ yesterday.strftime('%m') + os.sep \
????????????+ log_file +?'_'?+ yesterday.strftime('%Y%m%d') +?'.log')
os.popen("sudo kill -USR1 `cat /app/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`")
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
其他業(yè)務(wù)日志的切割腳本跟上面做法相同[root@qd-vpc-op-consumer01 ~]# cat /app/script/log_rotate.sh
#!/bin/sh
function?rotate() {
logs_path=$1
echo?Rotating Log:?$1
cp?${logs_path}?${logs_path}.$(date -d?"yesterday"?+"%Y%m%d")
>?${logs_path}
????rm -f?${logs_path}.$(date -d?"7 days ago"?+"%Y%m%d")
}
for?i?in?$*
do
????????rotate?$i
done
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
每天定時(shí)切割日志的任務(wù)制定(比如對(duì)python的一個(gè)業(yè)務(wù)/data/log/xcspam/下的日志進(jìn)行切割,0K的日志不進(jìn)行切割):
[root@qd-vpc-op-consumer01 ~]# crontab -e
#xcspam 日志切割
30 0 * * * find /data/log/xcspam/ -size +0 -name?'*.log'?| xargs /app/script/log_rotate.sh
手動(dòng)執(zhí)行切割:
[root@qd-vpc-op-consumer01 ~]# find /data/log/xcspam/ -size +0 -name '*.log' | xargs /app/script/log_rotate.sh
切割后的日志效果:
[root@qd-vpc-op-consumer01 ~]# ls /data/log/xcspam/
xcspam_error.log xcspam_error.log-20170926
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
比如對(duì)maridb日志進(jìn)行切割
[root@qd-vpc-op-consumer01 ~]# crontab -e
#xcspam 日志切割
30 0 * * * find /var/log/mariadb/ -size +0 -name?'*.log'?| xargs /app/script/log_rotate.sh
[root@qd-vpc-op-consumer01 ~]# find /var/log/mariadb/ -size +0 -name '*.log' | xargs /app/script/log_rotate.sh
[root@qd-vpc-op-consumer01 ~]# ll /var/log/mariadb/
總用量 8
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 0 9月 17 20:31 mariadb.log
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 4532 9月 17 20:31 mariadb.log.20170916
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------日志壓縮腳本:
[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/log/fss/nginx/
nginx.20190506.log nginx.20190507.log nginx.20190508.log
[root@localhost ~]# cat /root/log_clean.sh
#!/usr/bin/sh
#根據(jù)系統(tǒng)/服務(wù)/日志保留天數(shù)三個(gè)參數(shù)壓縮日志
#usage: sh clearlog.sh sysname appname keepdays
sysName=$1
appName=$2
keepDay=$3
logDir=/var/log/${sysName}/${appName}
logFile=${appName}.*[0-9][0-9].log
cd?${logDir}
find ./ -name?"${logFile}"?-mtime -${keepDay}?-exec?gzip {} \;
[root@localhost ~]# sh /root/log_clean.sh fss nginx 3
[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/log/fss/nginx/
nginx.20190506.log.gz nginx.20190507.log.gz nginx.20190508.log.gz
還可以針對(duì)日志保留策略,調(diào)整成日志清理腳本。
#!/bin/bash
yesterday=`date -d?"-1 days"?+'%Y%m%d'`
cd?`dirname?$0`
basedir=`pwd`
logdir="${basedir}/bak"
bindir="${basedir%/*}/sbin"
mkdir -p?${logdir}
for?log?in?`ls *.log?2>/dev/null`
do
????mv?${log}?${logdir}/${log}.${yesterday}.bak
# gzip ${logdir}/${log}.${yesterday}
done
${bindir}/nginx -s reload
cd?${logdir}
find . -type?f -name?"*.bak"?-mtime +7 | xargs rm -f往期推薦
掃一掃,關(guān)注我
一起學(xué)習(xí),一起進(jìn)步
每周贈(zèng)書,福利不斷
﹀
﹀
﹀
深度內(nèi)容
推薦加入
最近熱門內(nèi)容回顧? ?#技術(shù)人系列

