元宵節(jié)就要到了，手把手教你用Python打造一款3D花燈
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1 前言
2 原材料
2.1 花燈紙
2.2 Python環(huán)境和模塊
numpy
pillow
wxgl
pip install numpy
pip install pillow
pip install wxgl
3 制作工序
3.1 導入模塊
>>> import numpy as np
>>> from PIL import Image
>>> import wxgl.wxplot as plt
3.2 打開花燈紙圖像
>>> fn = r'D:\temp\light0115\res\paper.png'
>>> im = np.array(Image.open(fn))/255
>>> im.shape
(400, 942, 3)
3.3 根據(jù)花燈紙的大小制作龍骨
>>> rows, cols, deep = im.shape
>>> cols/(2*np.pi)
149.9239563925654
>>> r = 1
>>> h = 2*np.pi*rows/cols
>>> h
2.6680192387174464
>>> theta = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, cols)
>>> x = r * np.cos(theta)
>>> y = r * np.sin(theta)
>>> z = np.linspace(0, h, rows)
>>> xs = np.tile(x, (rows,1))
>>> ys = np.tile(y, (rows,1))
>>> zs = z.repeat(cols).reshape((rows,cols))
>>> plt.mesh(xs[::10,::10], ys[::10,::10], zs[::10,::10], mode='FLBL')
>>> plt.show()
3.4 給龍骨貼上花燈紙
>>> plt.mesh(xs, ys, zs, im)
>>> plt.show()
>>> plt.mesh(xs, ys, zs, im[::-1])
>>> plt.show()
3.5 制作旋轉葉輪
>>> theta = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 18, endpoint=False)
>>> x = r * np.cos(theta)
>>> y = r * np.sin(theta)
>>> x[2::3] = x[1::3]
>>> x[1::3] = 0
>>> y[2::3] = y[1::3]
>>> y[1::3] = 0
>>> z = np.ones(18) * h * 0.9
>>> vs = np.stack((x,y,z), axis=1)
>>> plt.mesh(xs, ys, zs, im[::-1])
>>> plt.surface(vs, color='#C03000', method='T', mode='FCBC', alpha=0.8)
>>> plt.show()
3.6 加上照明燈和提系
>>> plt.mesh(xs, ys, zs, im[::-1])
>>> plt.surface(vs, color='#C03000', method='T', mode='FCBC', alpha=0.8)
>>> plt.sphere((0,0,h*0.4), 0.4, '#FFFFFF', slices=60, mode='FCBC')
>>> plt.plot((0,0), (0,0), (0.4*h, 1.5*h), width=3.0, style='solid', cmap='hsv', caxis='z')
3.7 讓花燈轉起來
plt.show(rotation='h-')
4 完整源代碼
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import wxgl.wxplot as plt
im = np.array(Image.open('res/paper.png'))/255
rows, cols, deep = im.shape
r, h = 1, 2*np.pi*rows/cols
theta = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, cols)
x = r*np.cos(theta)
y = r*np.sin(theta)
z = np.linspace(0, h, rows)
xs = np.tile(x, (rows,1))
ys = np.tile(y, (rows,1))
zs = z.repeat(cols).reshape((rows,cols))
theta = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 18, endpoint=False)
x = r*np.cos(theta)
y = r*np.sin(theta)
x[2::3] = x[1::3]
x[1::3] = 0
y[2::3] = y[1::3]
y[1::3] = 0
z = np.ones(18) * h * 0.9
vs = np.stack((x,y,z), axis=1)
plt.mesh(xs, ys, zs, im[::-1])
plt.surface(vs, color='#C03000', method='T', mode='FCBC', alpha=0.8)
plt.sphere((0,0,h*0.4), 0.4, '#FFFFFF', slices=60, mode='FCBC')
plt.plot((0,0), (0,0), (0.4*h, 1.5*h), width=3.0, style='solid', cmap='hsv', caxis='z')
plt.show(rotation='h-')
------------------- End -------------------
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