一款優(yōu)秀的Java模擬框架：Mockito

<dependency>    <groupId>org.mockitogroupId>    <artifactId>mockito-coreartifactId>    <version>3.3.3version>    <scope>testscope>dependency>

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)public class MockitoDemoTest {    ????//注入依賴的資源對(duì)象    @Mock    private MockitoTestService mockitoTestService;    @Before    public void before(){        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);    }}

@Testpublic void testVerify(){    //創(chuàng)建mock    List mockedList = mock(List.class);    mockedList.add("1");    mockedList.clear();    //驗(yàn)證list調(diào)用過add的操作行為    verify(mockedList).add("1");    //驗(yàn)證list調(diào)用過clear的操作行為    verify(mockedList).clear();    //使用內(nèi)建anyInt()參數(shù)匹配器，并存根    when(mockedList.get(anyInt())).thenReturn("element");    System.out.println(mockedList.get(2)); //此處輸出為element    verify(mockedList).get(anyInt());}

@Testpublic void testStub(){    //可以mock具體的類，而不僅僅是接口    LinkedList mockedList = mock(LinkedList.class);    //存根(stubbing)    when(mockedList.get(0)).thenReturn("first");    when(mockedList.get(1)).thenThrow(new RuntimeException());    //下面會(huì)打印 "first"    System.out.println(mockedList.get(0));    //下面會(huì)拋出運(yùn)行時(shí)異常    System.out.println(mockedList.get(1));    //下面會(huì)打印"null" 因?yàn)間et(999)沒有存根(stub)    System.out.println(mockedList.get(999));    doThrow(new RuntimeException()).when(mockedList).clear();    //下面會(huì)拋出 RuntimeException:    mockedList.clear();}

@Testpublic void testStub() {    when(mock.someMethod("some arg"))    .thenThrow(new RuntimeException())????.thenReturn("foo");    mock.someMethod("some arg"); //第一次調(diào)用：拋出運(yùn)行時(shí)異常    //第二次調(diào)用: 打印 "foo"    System.out.println(mock.someMethod("some arg"));    //任何連續(xù)調(diào)用: 還是打印 "foo" (最后的存根生效).    System.out.println(mock.someMethod("some arg"));    //可供選擇的連續(xù)存根的更短版本：    when(mock.someMethod("some arg")).thenReturn("one", "two", "three");    when(mock.someMethod(anyString())).thenAnswer(new Answer() {        Object answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) {            Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();            Object mock = invocation.getMock();            return "called with arguments: " + args;        }    });    // "called with arguments: foo    System.out.println(mock.someMethod("foo"));}

@Testpublic void testArugument{    //使用內(nèi)建anyInt()參數(shù)匹配器    when(mockedList.get(anyInt())).thenReturn("element");    System.out.println(mockedList.get(999)); //打印 "element"    //同樣可以用參數(shù)匹配器做驗(yàn)證    verify(mockedList).get(anyInt());
    //注意：如果使用參數(shù)匹配器，所有的參數(shù)都必須通過匹配器提供。    verify(mock)    .someMethod(anyInt(), anyString(), eq("third argument"));    //上面是正確的 - eq(0也是參數(shù)匹配器),而下面的是錯(cuò)誤的    verify(mock)    .someMethod(anyInt(), anyString(), "third argument");}

@Testpublic void testVerify{    List mockedList = new ArrayList();    mockedList.add("once");    mockedList.add("twice");    mockedList.add("twice");    mockedList.add("three times");    mockedList.add("three times");    mockedList.add("three times");    //下面兩個(gè)驗(yàn)證是等同的 - 默認(rèn)使用times(1)    verify(mockedList).add("once");    verify(mockedList, times(1)).add("once");    verify(mockedList, times(2)).add("twice");    verify(mockedList, times(3)).add("three times");    //使用using never()來驗(yàn)證. never()相當(dāng)于 times(0)    verify(mockedList, never()).add("never happened");    //使用 atLeast()/atMost()來驗(yàn)證    verify(mockedList, atLeastOnce()).add("three times");    verify(mockedList, atLeast(2)).add("five times");    verify(mockedList, atMost(5)).add("three times");}

@Testpublic void testOrder(){    // A. 單個(gè)Mock，方法必須以特定順序調(diào)用    List singleMock = mock(List.class);
    //使用單個(gè)Mock    singleMock.add("was added first");    singleMock.add("was added second");
    //為singleMock創(chuàng)建 inOrder 檢驗(yàn)器    InOrder inOrder = inOrder(singleMock);
    //確保add方法第一次調(diào)用是用"was added first",然后是用"was added second"    inOrder.verify(singleMock).add("was added first");    inOrder.verify(singleMock).add("was added second");}