myword = "NanananaBatman"set(myword){'N', 'm', 'n', 'B', 'a', 't'}

# first you can easily change set to list and other way aroundmylist = ["a", "b", "c","c"]# let's make a set out of itmyset = set(mylist)# myset will be:{'a', 'b', 'c'}# and, it's already iterable so you can do:for element in myset:    print(element)# but you can also convert it to list again:mynewlist = list(myset)# and mynewlist will be:['a', 'b', 'c']

mylist = ["c", "c", "a","b"]mynewlist = list(set(mylist))# mynewlist is:['a', 'b', 'c']

# this is the set of permissions before change;original_permission_set = {"is_admin","can_post_entry", "can_edit_entry", "can_view_settings"}# this is new set of permissions;new_permission_set = {"can_edit_settings","is_member", "can_view_entry", "can_edit_entry"}# now permissions to add will be:new_permission_set.difference(original_permission_set)# which will result:{'can_edit_settings', 'can_view_entry', 'is_member'}# As you can see can_edit_entry is in both sets; so we do notneed# to worry about handling it# now permissions to remove will be:original_permission_set.difference(new_permission_set)# which will result:{'is_admin', 'can_view_settings', 'can_post_entry'}# and basically it's also true; we switched admin to member, andadd# more permission on settings; and removed the post_entrypermission

import calendarcalendar.monthrange(2020, 12)# will result:(1, 31)# BUT! you need to be careful here, why? Let's read thedocumentation:help(calendar.monthrange)# Help on function monthrange in module calendar:# monthrange(year, month)#     Return weekday (0-6~ Mon-Sun) and number of days (28-31) for#    year, month.# As you can see the first value returned in tuple is a weekday,# not the number of the first day for a given month; let's try# to get the same for 2021calendar.monthrange(2021, 12)(2, 31)# So this basically means that the first day of December 2021 isWed# and the last day of December 2021 is 31 (which is obvious,cause# December always has 31 days)# let's play with Februarycalendar.monthrange(2021, 2)(0, 28)calendar.monthrange(2022, 2)(1, 28)calendar.monthrange(2023, 2)(2, 28)calendar.monthrange(2024, 2)(3, 29)calendar.monthrange(2025, 2)(5, 28)# as you can see it handled nicely the leap year;

calendar.monthrange(2024, 2)(3, 29)# means that February 2024 starts on Thursday# let's define simple helper:weekdays = ["Monday", "Tuesday","Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday","Saturday", "Sunday"]# now we can do something like:weekdays[3]# will result in:'Thursday'# now simple math to tell what day is 15th of February 2020:offset = 3  # it's thefirst value from monthrangefor day in range(1, 29):    print(day,weekdays[(day + offset - 1) % 7])1 Thursday2 Friday3 Saturday4 Sunday...18 Sunday19 Monday20 Tuesday21 Wednesday22 Thursday23 Friday24 Saturday...28 Wednesday29 Thursday# which basically makes sense;

from datetime import datetimemydate = datetime(2024, 2, 15)datetime.weekday(mydate)# will result:3# or:datetime.strftime(mydate, "%A")'Thursday'

# checking if year is leap:calendar.isleap(2021)  #Falsecalendar.isleap(2024)  #True# or checking how many days will be leap days for given yearspan:calendar.leapdays(2021, 2026) # 1calendar.leapdays(2020, 2026) # 2# read the help here, as range is: [y1, y2), meaning that second# year is not included;calendar.leapdays(2020, 2024) # 1

mylist = ['a', 'b', 'd', 'c', 'g', 'e']for i, item in enumerate(mylist):    print(i, item)# Will give:0 a1 b2 d3 c4 g5 e# but, you can add a start for enumeration:for i, item in enumerate(mylist, 16):    print(i, item)# and now you will get:16 a17 b18 d19 c20 g21 e

OPEN = 1IN_PROGRESS = 2CLOSED = 3def handle_open_status():    print('Handling openstatus')def handle_in_progress_status():    print('Handling inprogress status')def handle_closed_status():    print('Handling closedstatus')def handle_status_change(status):    if status == OPEN:       handle_open_status()    elif status ==IN_PROGRESS:        handle_in_progress_status()    elif status == CLOSED:       handle_closed_status()handle_status_change(1)  #Handling open statushandle_status_change(2)  #Handling in progress statushandle_status_change(3)  #Handling closed status

from enum import IntEnumclass StatusE(IntEnum):    OPEN = 1    IN_PROGRESS = 2    CLOSED = 3def handle_open_status():    print('Handling openstatus')def handle_in_progress_status():    print('Handling inprogress status')def handle_closed_status():    print('Handling closedstatus')handlers = {    StatusE.OPEN.value:handle_open_status,   StatusE.IN_PROGRESS.value: handle_in_progress_status,    StatusE.CLOSED.value:handle_closed_status}def handle_status_change(status):    if status not inhandlers:         raiseException(f'No handler found for status: {status}')    handler =handlers[status]    handler()handle_status_change(StatusE.OPEN.value)  # Handling open statushandle_status_change(StatusE.IN_PROGRESS.value)  # Handling in progress statushandle_status_change(StatusE.CLOSED.value)  # Handling closed statushandle_status_change(4)  #Will raise the exception

from enum import Enum, IntEnum, Flag, IntFlagclass MyEnum(Enum):    FIRST ="first"    SECOND ="second"    THIRD ="third" class MyIntEnum(IntEnum):    ONE = 1    TWO = 2    THREE = 3# Now we can do things like:MyEnum.FIRST  #<MyEnum.FIRST: 'first'># it has value and name attributes, which are handy:MyEnum.FIRST.value  #'first'MyEnum.FIRST.name  #'FIRST'# additionally we can do things like:MyEnum('first')  #<MyEnum.FIRST: 'first'>, get enum by valueMyEnum['FIRST']  #<MyEnum.FIRST: 'first'>, get enum by name

MyEnum.FIRST == "first"  # False# butMyIntEnum.ONE == 1  # True# to make first example to work:MyEnum.FIRST.value == "first"  # True

from enum import Enumfrom django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _class MyEnum(Enum):    FIRST ="first"    SECOND ="second"    THIRD ="third"    @classmethod    def choices(cls):        return [            (cls.FIRST.value, _('first')),            (cls.SECOND.value, _('second')),            (cls.THIRD.value, _('third'))         ]# And later in eg. model definiton:some_field = models.CharField(max_length=10,choices=MyEnum.choices())

pip install ipython

# you should see something like this after you start:Python 3.8.5 (default, Jul 28 2020, 12:59:40)Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more informationIPython 7.18.1 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' forhelp.In [1]: