Nginx從入門到干活，看這一篇足矣

Nginx 入門

https://github.com/dunwu/nginx-tutorial/blob/master/docs/nginx-ops.md

nginx?-s stop ??????快速關(guān)閉 Nginx，可能不保存相關(guān)信息，并迅速終止 Web 服務(wù)。
nginx -s quit ??????平穩(wěn)關(guān)閉 Nginx，保存相關(guān)信息，有安排的結(jié)束 Web 服務(wù)。
nginx -s reload ????因改變了 Nginx 相關(guān)配置，需要重新加載配置而重載。
nginx -s reopen ????重新打開日志文件。
nginx -c filename ??為 Nginx 指定一個(gè)配置文件，來(lái)代替缺省的。
nginx -t ???????????不運(yùn)行，僅僅測(cè)試配置文件。Nginx 將檢查配置文件的語(yǔ)法的正確性，并嘗試打開配置文件中所引用到的文件。
nginx -v ???????????顯示 Nginx 的版本。
nginx -V ???????????顯示 Nginx 的版本，編譯器版本和配置參數(shù)。

@echo?off
rem?如果啟動(dòng)前已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)?Nginx?并記錄下?pid?文件，會(huì)?kill?指定進(jìn)程
nginx.exe?-s?stop

rem?測(cè)試配置文件語(yǔ)法正確性
nginx.exe?-t?-c?conf/nginx.conf

rem?顯示版本信息
nginx.exe?-v

rem?按照指定配置去啟動(dòng)?Nginx
nginx.exe?-c?conf/nginx.conf

#運(yùn)行用戶
#user?somebody;

#啟動(dòng)進(jìn)程，通常設(shè)置成和?CPU?的數(shù)量相等
worker_processes??1;

#全局錯(cuò)誤日志
error_log??D:/Tools/nginx-1.10.1/logs/error.log;
error_log??D:/Tools/nginx-1.10.1/logs/notice.log??notice;
error_log??D:/Tools/nginx-1.10.1/logs/info.log??info;

#PID?文件，記錄當(dāng)前啟動(dòng)的?Nginx?的進(jìn)程?ID
pid????????D:/Tools/nginx-1.10.1/logs/nginx.pid;

#工作模式及連接數(shù)上限
events?{
????worker_connections?1024;????#單個(gè)后臺(tái)worker?process進(jìn)程的最大并發(fā)鏈接數(shù)
}

#設(shè)定?HTTP?服務(wù)器，利用它的反向代理功能提供負(fù)載均衡支持
http?{
????#設(shè)定?mime?類型（郵件支持類型），類型由?mime.types?文件定義
????include???????D:/Tools/nginx-1.10.1/conf/mime.types;
????default_type??application/octet-stream;

????#設(shè)定日志
?log_format??main??'[$remote_addr]?-?[$remote_user]?[$time_local]?"$request"?'
??????????????????????'$status?$body_bytes_sent?"$http_referer"?'
??????????????????????'"$http_user_agent"?"$http_x_forwarded_for"';

????access_log????D:/Tools/nginx-1.10.1/logs/access.log?main;
????rewrite_log?????on;

????#sendfile?指令指定?Nginx?是否調(diào)用?sendfile?函數(shù)（zero?copy?方式）來(lái)輸出文件，對(duì)于普通應(yīng)用，
????#必須設(shè)為?on，如果用來(lái)進(jìn)行下載等應(yīng)用磁盤?IO?重負(fù)載應(yīng)用，可設(shè)置為?off，以平衡磁盤與網(wǎng)絡(luò)?I/O?處理速度，降低系統(tǒng)的?uptime.
????sendfile????????on;
????#tcp_nopush?????on;

????#連接超時(shí)時(shí)間
????keepalive_timeout??120;
????tcp_nodelay????????on;

?#gzip?壓縮開關(guān)
?#gzip??on;

????#設(shè)定實(shí)際的服務(wù)器列表
????upstream?zp_server1{
????????server?127.0.0.1:8089;
????}

????#HTTP?服務(wù)器
????server?{
????????#監(jiān)聽(tīng)?80?端口，80?端口是知名端口號(hào)，用于?HTTP?協(xié)議
????????listen???????80;

????????#定義使用?www.xx.com?訪問(wèn)
????????server_name??www.helloworld.com;

??#首頁(yè)
??index?index.html

??#指向?webapp?的目錄
??root?D:\01_Workspace\Project\github\zp\SpringNotes\spring-security\spring-shiro\src\main\webapp;

??#編碼格式
??charset?utf-8;

??#代理配置參數(shù)
????????proxy_connect_timeout?180;
????????proxy_send_timeout?180;
????????proxy_read_timeout?180;
????????proxy_set_header?Host?$host;
????????proxy_set_header?X-Forwarder-For?$remote_addr;

????????#反向代理的路徑（和?upstream?綁定），location?后面設(shè)置映射的路徑
????????location?/?{
????????????proxy_pass?http://zp_server1;
????????}

????????#靜態(tài)文件，Nginx?自己處理
????????location?~?^/(images|javascript|js|css|flash|media|static)/?{
????????????root?D:\01_Workspace\Project\github\zp\SpringNotes\spring-security\spring-shiro\src\main\webapp\views;
????????????#過(guò)期 30?天，靜態(tài)文件不怎么更新，過(guò)期可以設(shè)大一點(diǎn)，如果頻繁更新，則可以設(shè)置得小一點(diǎn)。
????????????expires?30d;
????????}

????????#設(shè)定查看?Nginx?狀態(tài)的地址
????????location?/NginxStatus?{
????????????stub_status???????????on;
????????????access_log????????????on;
????????????auth_basic????????????"NginxStatus";
????????????auth_basic_user_file??conf/htpasswd;
????????}

????????#禁止訪問(wèn)?.htxxx?文件
????????location?~?/\.ht?{
????????????deny?all;
????????}

??#錯(cuò)誤處理頁(yè)面（可選擇性配置）
??#error_page???404??????????????/404.html;
??#error_page???500?502?503?504??/50x.html;
????????#location?=?/50x.html?{
????????#????root???html;
????????#}
????}
}

127.0.0.1?www.helloworld.com

#HTTP?服務(wù)器
??server?{
??????#監(jiān)聽(tīng) 443 端口。443 為知名端口號(hào)，主要用于 HTTPS 協(xié)議
??????listen???????443?ssl;

??????#定義使用?www.xx.com?訪問(wèn)
??????server_name??www.helloworld.com;

??????#ssl 證書文件位置（常見(jiàn)證書文件格式為：crt/pem）
??????ssl_certificate??????cert.pem;
??????#ssl?證書?key?位置
??????ssl_certificate_key??cert.key;

??????#ssl?配置參數(shù)（選擇性配置）
??????ssl_session_cache????shared:SSL:1m;
??????ssl_session_timeout??5m;
??????#數(shù)字簽名，此處使用?MD5
??????ssl_ciphers??HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
??????ssl_prefer_server_ciphers??on;

??????location?/?{
??????????root???/root;
??????????index??index.html?index.htm;
??????}
??}

假設(shè)這樣一個(gè)應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景：將應(yīng)用部署在 192.168.1.11:80、192.168.1.12:80、192.168.1.13:80 三臺(tái) Linux 環(huán)境的服務(wù)器上。網(wǎng)站域名叫 www.helloworld.com，公網(wǎng) IP 為 192.168.1.11。

在公網(wǎng) IP 所在的服務(wù)器上部署 Nginx，對(duì)所有請(qǐng)求做負(fù)載均衡處理（下面例子中使用的是加權(quán)輪詢策略）。

http?{
?????#設(shè)定?mime?類型，類型由?mime.type?文件定義
????include???????/etc/nginx/mime.types;
????default_type??application/octet-stream;
????#設(shè)定日志格式
????access_log????/var/log/nginx/access.log;

????#設(shè)定負(fù)載均衡的服務(wù)器列表
????upstream?load_balance_server?{
????????#weigth?參數(shù)表示權(quán)值，權(quán)值越高被分配到的幾率越大
????????server?192.168.1.11:80???weight=5;
????????server?192.168.1.12:80???weight=1;
????????server?192.168.1.13:80???weight=6;
????}

???#HTTP?服務(wù)器
???server?{
????????#偵聽(tīng)?80?端口
????????listen???????80;

????????#定義使用?www.xx.com?訪問(wèn)
????????server_name??www.helloworld.com;

????????#對(duì)所有請(qǐng)求進(jìn)行負(fù)載均衡請(qǐng)求
????????location?/?{
????????????root????????/root;?????????????????#定義服務(wù)器的默認(rèn)網(wǎng)站根目錄位置
????????????index???????index.html?index.htm;??#定義首頁(yè)索引文件的名稱
????????????proxy_pass??http://load_balance_server?;#請(qǐng)求轉(zhuǎn)向load_balance_server?定義的服務(wù)器列表

????????????#以下是一些反向代理的配置(可選擇性配置)
????????????#proxy_redirect?off;
????????????proxy_set_header?Host?$host;
????????????proxy_set_header?X-Real-IP?$remote_addr;
????????????#后端的?Web?服務(wù)器可以通過(guò)?X-Forwarded-For?獲取用戶真實(shí)?IP
????????????proxy_set_header?X-Forwarded-For?$remote_addr;
????????????proxy_connect_timeout?90;??????????#Nginx?跟后端服務(wù)器連接超時(shí)時(shí)間（代理連接超時(shí)）
????????????proxy_send_timeout?90;?????????????#后端服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)回傳時(shí)間（代理發(fā)送超時(shí)）
????????????proxy_read_timeout?90;?????????????#連接成功后，后端服務(wù)器響應(yīng)時(shí)間（代理接收超時(shí)）
????????????proxy_buffer_size?4k;??????????????#設(shè)置代理服務(wù)器（Nginx）保存用戶頭信息的緩沖區(qū)大小
????????????proxy_buffers?4?32k;???????????????#proxy_buffers?緩沖區(qū)，網(wǎng)頁(yè)平均在?32k?以下的話，這樣設(shè)置
????????????proxy_busy_buffers_size?64k;???????#高負(fù)荷下緩沖大小（proxy_buffers*2）
????????????proxy_temp_file_write_size?64k;????#設(shè)定緩存文件夾大小，大于這個(gè)值，將從?upstream?服務(wù)器傳

????????????client_max_body_size?10m;??????????#允許客戶端請(qǐng)求的最大單文件字節(jié)數(shù)
????????????client_body_buffer_size?128k;??????#緩沖區(qū)代理緩沖用戶端請(qǐng)求的最大字節(jié)數(shù)
????????}
????}
}

https://dunwu.github.io/blog/design/theory/load-balance-theory/

upstream?bck_testing_01?{
??#?默認(rèn)所有服務(wù)器權(quán)重為?1
??server?192.168.250.220:8080
??server?192.168.250.221:8080
??server?192.168.250.222:8080
}

upstream?bck_testing_01?{
??server?192.168.250.220:8080???weight=3
??server?192.168.250.221:8080??????????????#?default?weight=1
??server?192.168.250.222:8080??????????????#?default?weight=1
}

upstream?bck_testing_01?{
??least_conn;

??#?with?default?weight?for?all?(weight=1)
??server?192.168.250.220:8080
??server?192.168.250.221:8080
??server?192.168.250.222:8080
}

upstream?bck_testing_01?{
??least_conn;

??server?192.168.250.220:8080???weight=3
??server?192.168.250.221:8080??????????????#?default?weight=1
??server?192.168.250.222:8080??????????????#?default?weight=1
}

upstream?bck_testing_01?{

??ip_hash;

??#?with?default?weight?for?all?(weight=1)
??server?192.168.250.220:8080
??server?192.168.250.221:8080
??server?192.168.250.222:8080

}

upstream?bck_testing_01?{

??hash?$request_uri;

??#?with?default?weight?for?all?(weight=1)
??server?192.168.250.220:8080
??server?192.168.250.221:8080
??server?192.168.250.222:8080

}

http?{
????#此處省略一些基本配置

????upstream?product_server{
????????server?www.helloworld.com:8081;
????}

????upstream?admin_server{
????????server?www.helloworld.com:8082;
????}

????upstream?finance_server{
????????server?www.helloworld.com:8083;
????}

????server?{
????????#此處省略一些基本配置
????????#默認(rèn)指向product的server
????????location?/?{
????????????proxy_pass?http://product_server;
????????}

????????location?/product/{
????????????proxy_pass?http://product_server;
????????}

????????location?/admin/?{
????????????proxy_pass?http://admin_server;
????????}

????????location?/finance/?{
????????????proxy_pass?http://finance_server;
????????}
????}
}

worker_processes??1;

events?{
????worker_connections??1024;
}

http?{
????include???????mime.types;
????default_type??application/octet-stream;
????sendfile????????on;
????keepalive_timeout??65;

????gzip?on;
????gzip_types?text/plain?application/x-javascript?text/css?application/xml?text/javascript?application/javascript?image/jpeg?image/gif?image/png;
????gzip_vary?on;

????server?{
????????listen???????80;
????????server_name??static.zp.cn;

????????location?/?{
????????????root?/app/dist;
????????????index?index.html;
????????????#轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)任何請(qǐng)求到?index.html
????????}
????}
}

127.0.0.1?static.zp.cn

autoindex?on;#?顯示目錄
autoindex_exact_size?on;#?顯示文件大小
autoindex_localtime?on;#?顯示文件時(shí)間

server?{
????charset??????utf-8,gbk;?#?windows?服務(wù)器下設(shè)置后，依然亂碼，暫時(shí)無(wú)解
????listen???????9050?default_server;
????listen???????[::]:9050?default_server;
????server_name??_;
????root?????????/share/fs;
}

#?allow?origin?list
set?$ACAO?'*';

#?set?single?origin
if?($http_origin?~*?(www.helloworld.com)$)?{
??set?$ACAO?$http_origin;
}

if?($cors?=?"trueget")?{
????add_header?'Access-Control-Allow-Origin'?"$http_origin";
????add_header?'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials'?'true';
????add_header?'Access-Control-Allow-Methods'?'GET,?POST,?OPTIONS';
????add_header?'Access-Control-Allow-Headers'?'DNT,X-Mx-ReqToken,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type';
}

if?($request_method?=?'OPTIONS')?{
??set?$cors?"${cors}options";
}

if?($request_method?=?'GET')?{
??set?$cors?"${cors}get";
}

if?($request_method?=?'POST')?{
??set?$cors?"${cors}post";
}

#?----------------------------------------------------
#?此文件為項(xiàng)目?nginx?配置片段
#?可以直接在?nginx?config?中?include（推薦）
#?或者?copy?到現(xiàn)有?nginx?中，自行配置
#?www.helloworld.com?域名需配合?dns?hosts?進(jìn)行配置
#?其中，api?開啟了?cors，需配合本目錄下另一份配置文件
#?----------------------------------------------------
upstream?front_server{
??server?www.helloworld.com:9000;
}
upstream?api_server{
??server?www.helloworld.com:8080;
}

server?{
??listen???????80;
??server_name??www.helloworld.com;

??location?~?^/api/?{
????include?enable-cors.conf;
????proxy_pass?http://api_server;
????rewrite?"^/api/(.*)$"?/$1?break;
??}

??location?~?^/?{
????proxy_pass?http://front_server;
??}
}