熬夜爆肝整理的elasticsearch中文手冊(cè)文檔
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es概括
Elaticsearch，簡(jiǎn)稱為 ES， ES 是一個(gè)開源的高擴(kuò)展的分布式全文搜索引擎，Elasticsearch 是面向文檔型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，一條數(shù)據(jù)在這里就是一個(gè)文檔。
基本要素
ES是一個(gè)文檔型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，在與傳統(tǒng)的關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上，存在著一定的差異。下面將ES里面涉及到的元素與關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行一一對(duì)應(yīng)。
| ElasticSearch | 索引(index) | 類型(type) | 文檔(document) | 字段(field) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MySQL | 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(database) | 數(shù)據(jù)表(table) | 數(shù)據(jù)行(row) | 數(shù)據(jù)列(column) |
索引操作
創(chuàng)建索引
向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) PUT 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping。創(chuàng)建索引只能使用PUT請(qǐng)求，PUT是冪等性的，也就是說(shuō)不存在的時(shí)候就會(huì)創(chuàng)建，存在的時(shí)候就不會(huì)重新創(chuàng)建而是返回索引已經(jīng)存在的信息。
{
"acknowledged": true,//響應(yīng)結(jié)果
"shards_acknowledged": true,//分片結(jié)果
"index": "shopping"//索引名稱
}
查詢索引
向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping。
{
"shopping": {//索引名
"aliases": {},//別名
"mappings": {},//映射
"settings": {//設(shè)置
"index": {//設(shè)置 - 索引
"creation_date": "1617861426847",//設(shè)置 - 索引 - 創(chuàng)建時(shí)間
"number_of_shards": "1",//設(shè)置 - 索引 - 主分片數(shù)量
"number_of_replicas": "1",//設(shè)置 - 索引 - 主分片數(shù)量
"uuid": "J0WlEhh4R7aDrfIc3AkwWQ",//設(shè)置 - 索引 - 主分片數(shù)量
"version": {//設(shè)置 - 索引 - 主分片數(shù)量
"created": "7080099"
},
"provided_name": "shopping"//設(shè)置 - 索引 - 主分片數(shù)量
}
}
}
}
查看所有索引
向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/_cat/indices?v。
這里請(qǐng)求路徑中的_cat 表示查看的意思， indices 表示索引，所以整體含義就是查看當(dāng)前 ES服務(wù)器中的所有索引，就好像 MySQL 中的 show tables 的感覺，服務(wù)器響應(yīng)結(jié)果如下 :
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open shopping J0WlEhh4R7aDrfIc3AkwWQ 1 1 0 0 208b 208b
刪除索引
向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) DELETE 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping。
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"acknowledged": true
}
文檔操作
文檔創(chuàng)建
假設(shè)索引已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建好了，接下來(lái)我們來(lái)創(chuàng)建文檔，并添加數(shù)據(jù)。這里的文檔可以類比為關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的表數(shù)據(jù)，添加的數(shù)據(jù)格式為 JSON 格式
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) POST 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc，請(qǐng)求體JSON內(nèi)容為：
{
"title":"小米手機(jī)",
"category":"小米",
"images":"http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price":3999.00
}
返回結(jié)果
{
"_index": "shopping",//索引
"_type": "_doc",//類型-文檔
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",//唯一標(biāo)識(shí)，可以類比為 MySQL 中的主鍵，隨機(jī)生成
"_version": 1,//版本
"result": "created",//結(jié)果，這里的 create 表示創(chuàng)建成功
"_shards": {//
"total": 2,//分片 - 總數(shù)
"successful": 1,//分片 - 總數(shù)
"failed": 0//分片 - 總數(shù)
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}
注意，此處發(fā)送文檔創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求的方式必須為 POST，不能是 PUT，否則會(huì)發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤 。
上面的數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)建后，由于沒有指定數(shù)據(jù)唯一性標(biāo)識(shí)（ID），默認(rèn)情況下， ES 服務(wù)器會(huì)隨機(jī)生成一個(gè)。
如果想要自定義唯一性標(biāo)識(shí)，需要在創(chuàng)建時(shí)指定： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1，請(qǐng)求體JSON內(nèi)容為：
{
"title":"小米手機(jī)",
"category":"小米",
"images":"http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price":3999.00
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",//<-----自定義唯一性標(biāo)識(shí)
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 1,
"_primary_term": 1
}
文檔查詢
查看文檔時(shí)，需要指明文檔的唯一性標(biāo)識(shí)，類似于 MySQL 中數(shù)據(jù)的主鍵查詢 在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1 。
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 1,
"_seq_no": 1,
"_primary_term": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
}
查找不存在的內(nèi)容，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET 請(qǐng)求 ：http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1001。返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1001",
"found": false
}
查看索引下所有數(shù)據(jù)，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search。
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 133,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 2,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
}
]
}
}
文檔刪除
刪除一個(gè)文檔不會(huì)立即從磁盤上移除，它只是被標(biāo)記成已刪除（邏輯刪除）。
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) DELETE 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1 返回結(jié)果：
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 4,
"result": "deleted",//<---刪除成功
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 4,
"_primary_term": 1
}
文檔修改
全量修改
和新增文檔一樣，輸入相同的 URL 地址請(qǐng)求，如果請(qǐng)求體變化，會(huì)將原有的數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容覆蓋
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) POST 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1 請(qǐng)求體JSON內(nèi)容為:
{
"title":"華為手機(jī)",
"category":"華為",
"images":"http://www.gulixueyuan.com/hw.jpg",
"price":1999.00
}
修改成功后，服務(wù)器響應(yīng)結(jié)果：
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 2,
"result": "updated",//<---updated 表示數(shù)據(jù)被更新
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 2,
"_primary_term": 1
}
局部更新
修改數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，也可以只修改某一給條數(shù)據(jù)的局部信息
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) POST 請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_update/1。
請(qǐng)求體JSON內(nèi)容為:
{
"doc": {
"title":"小米手機(jī)",
"category":"小米"
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 3,
"result": "updated",//<----updated 表示數(shù)據(jù)被更新
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 3,
"_primary_term": 1
}
URL待條件查詢
查找category為小米的文檔，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search?q=category:小米，返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 94,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.3862942,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 1.3862942,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
},
......
]
}
}
上述為URL帶參數(shù)形式查詢，這很容易讓不善者心懷惡意，或者參數(shù)值出現(xiàn)中文會(huì)出現(xiàn)亂碼情況。為了避免這些情況，我們可用使用帶JSON請(qǐng)求體請(qǐng)求進(jìn)行查詢。
請(qǐng)求體帶參查詢
接下帶JSON請(qǐng)求體，還是查找category為小米的文檔，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"match":{
"category":"小米"
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.3862942,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 1.3862942,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
},
......
]
}
}
帶請(qǐng)求體方式的查找所有內(nèi)容
查找所有文檔內(nèi)容，也可以這樣，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下
{
"query":{
"match_all":{}
}
}
則返回所有文檔內(nèi)容：
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
},
......
]
}
}
查詢指定字段
如果你想查詢指定字段，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"match_all":{}
},
"_source":["title"]
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 5,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)"
}
},
......
]
}
}
分頁(yè)查詢
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"match_all":{}
},
"from":0,
"size":2
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 1,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
},
]
}
}
查詢排序
如果你想通過(guò)排序查出價(jià)格最高的手機(jī)，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"match_all":{}
},
"sort":{
"price":{
"order":"desc"
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 96,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
},
"sort": [
3999
]
},
......
]
}
}
多條件查詢
假設(shè)想找出小米牌子，價(jià)格為3999元的。（must相當(dāng)于數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的&&）,在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"bool":{
"must":[{
"match":{
"category":"小米"
}
},{
"match":{
"price":3999.00
}
}]
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 134,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 2.3862944,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 2.3862944,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
}
]
}
}
假設(shè)想找出小米和華為的牌子。（should相當(dāng)于數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的||）在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"bool":{
"should":[{
"match":{
"category":"小米"
}
},{
"match":{
"category":"華為"
}
}]
},
"filter":{
"range":{
"price":{
"gt":2000
}
}
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 8,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.3862942,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 1.3862942,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
},
.....
]
}
}
范圍查詢
假設(shè)想找出小米和華為的牌子，價(jià)格大于2000元的手機(jī)。在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"bool":{
"should":[{
"match":{
"category":"小米"
}
},{
"match":{
"category":"華為"
}
}],
"filter":{
"range":{
"price":{
"gt":2000
}
}
}
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 72,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.3862942,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 1.3862942,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
}
]
}
}
全文檢索
這功能像搜索引擎那樣，如品牌輸入“小華”，返回結(jié)果帶回品牌有“小米”和華為的。在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"match":{
"category" : "小華"
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 7,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.6931471,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 0.6931471,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
},
......
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
"_score": 0.6931471,
"_source": {
"title": "華為手機(jī)",
"category": "華為",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
}
},
......
]
}
}
完全匹配
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"match_phrase":{
"category" : "為"
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.6931471,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
"_score": 0.6931471,
"_source": {
"title": "華為手機(jī)",
"category": "華為",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
}
},
......
]
}
}
高亮查詢
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"query":{
"match_phrase":{
"category" : "為"
}
},
"highlight":{
"fields":{
"category":{}//<----高亮這字段
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 100,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.6931471,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
"_score": 0.6931471,
"_source": {
"title": "華為手機(jī)",
"category": "華為",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
},
"highlight": {
"category": [
"華<em>為</em>"//<------高亮一個(gè)為字。
]
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
"_score": 0.6931471,
"_source": {
"title": "華為手機(jī)",
"category": "華為",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
},
"highlight": {
"category": [
"華<em>為</em>"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
"_score": 0.6931471,
"_source": {
"title": "華為手機(jī)",
"category": "華為",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
},
"highlight": {
"category": [
"華<em>為</em>"
]
}
}
]
}
}
分組查詢
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"aggs":{//聚合操作
"price_group":{//名稱，隨意起名
"terms":{//分組
"field":"price"//分組字段
}
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 63,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手機(jī)",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "華為手機(jī)",
"category": "華為",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "華為手機(jī)",
"category": "華為",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "華為手機(jī)",
"category": "華為",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1999
}
}
]
},
"aggregations": {
"price_group": {
"doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
"sum_other_doc_count": 0,
"buckets": [
{
"key": 1999,
"doc_count": 5
},
{
"key": 3999,
"doc_count": 1
}
]
}
}
}
上面返回結(jié)果會(huì)附帶原始數(shù)據(jù)的。若不想要不附帶原始數(shù)據(jù)的結(jié)果，在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"aggs":{
"price_group":{
"terms":{
"field":"price"
}
}
},
"size":0
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 60,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": null,
"hits": []
},
"aggregations": {
"price_group": {
"doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
"sum_other_doc_count": 0,
"buckets": [
{
"key": 1999,
"doc_count": 5
},
{
"key": 3999,
"doc_count": 1
}
]
}
}
}
查詢平均值
在 Postman 中，向 ES 服務(wù)器發(fā) GET請(qǐng)求 ： http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search，附帶JSON體如下：
{
"aggs":{
"price_avg":{//名稱，隨意起名
"avg":{//求平均
"field":"price"
}
}
},
"size":0
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 14,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": null,
"hits": []
},
"aggregations": {
"price_avg": {
"value": 2332.3333333333335
}
}
}
映射關(guān)系
有了索引庫(kù)，等于有了數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的 database。接下來(lái)就需要建索引庫(kù)(index)中的映射了，類似于數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(database)中的表結(jié)構(gòu)(table)。創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表需要設(shè)置字段名稱，類型，長(zhǎng)度，約束等；索引庫(kù)也一樣，需要知道這個(gè)類型下有哪些字段，每個(gè)字段有哪些約束信息，這就叫做映射(mapping)。先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)索引：
# PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/user
返回結(jié)果：
{
"acknowledged": true,
"shards_acknowledged": true,
"index": "user"
}
創(chuàng)建映射
# PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_mapping
{
"properties": {
"name":{
"type": "text",
"index": true
},
"sex":{
"type": "keyword",
"index": true
},
"tel":{
"type": "keyword",
"index": false
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"acknowledged": true
}
查詢映射
#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_mapping
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"user": {
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "text"
},
"sex": {
"type": "keyword"
},
"tel": {
"type": "keyword",
"index": false
}
}
}
}
}
增加數(shù)據(jù)
#PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_create/1001
{
"name":"小米",
"sex":"男的",
"tel":"1111"
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"_index": "user",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1001",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}
查找name含有”小“數(shù)據(jù)：
#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{
"name":"小"
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 495,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.2876821,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "user",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"name": "小米",
"sex": "男的",
"tel": "1111"
}
}
]
}
}
查找sex含有”男“數(shù)據(jù)：
#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{
"sex":"男"
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 1,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 0,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": null,
"hits": []
}
}
找不想要的結(jié)果，只因創(chuàng)建映射時(shí)"sex"的類型為"keyword"。"sex"只能完全為”男的“，才能得出原數(shù)據(jù)。
#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{
"sex":"男的"
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.2876821,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "user",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"name": "小米",
"sex": "男的",
"tel": "1111"
}
}
]
}
}
查詢電話
# GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{
"tel":"11"
}
}
}
返回結(jié)果如下：
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "query_shard_exception",
"reason": "failed to create query: Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed.",
"index_uuid": "ivLnMfQKROS7Skb2MTFOew",
"index": "user"
}
],
"type": "search_phase_execution_exception",
"reason": "all shards failed",
"phase": "query",
"grouped": true,
"failed_shards": [
{
"shard": 0,
"index": "user",
"node": "4P7dIRfXSbezE5JTiuylew",
"reason": {
"type": "query_shard_exception",
"reason": "failed to create query: Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed.",
"index_uuid": "ivLnMfQKROS7Skb2MTFOew",
"index": "user",
"caused_by": {
"type": "illegal_argument_exception",
"reason": "Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed."
}
}
}
]
},
"status": 400
}
報(bào)錯(cuò)只因創(chuàng)建映射時(shí)"tel"的"index"為false。