vim 做 golang 開發(fā)環(huán)境，多么炫酷！還沒嘗試過用 vim 做開發(fā)環(huán)境的同學(xué)可以跟著這篇文檔把環(huán)境搭建起來了！

準(zhǔn)備條件，是已經(jīng)安裝好 golang 環(huán)境，還需要把 golang 的環(huán)境變量配置好，這里配置如下

[root@localhost?bundle]#?vim?/etc/profile

在這個(gè)文件最后加上，GOPATH、GOBIN、GOROOT、PATH?的環(huán)境變量

export?GOPATH="/root/go"
export?GOBIN="$GOPATH/bin"
export?GOROOT="/usr/local/go"
export?PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin"
export?PATH="$PATH:/root/go/bin"
[root@localhost?bundle]#?source?/etc/profile

1. 安裝 git

[root@localhost?~]#?yum?install?-y?git

2. 安裝 Vundle.vim

mkdir?~/.vim/bundle

git?clone?https://github.com/gmarik/Vundle.vim.git?~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

3. 安裝 vim-go

git?clone?https://github.com/fatih/vim-go.git?~/.vim/bundle/vim-go

4. 修改~/.vimrc，如果沒有就創(chuàng)建。vimrc 文件

[root@localhost?bundle]#?vim?~/.vimrc

set?nocompatible??????????????"?be?iMproved,?required
filetype?off??????????????????"?required

"?set?the?runtime?path?to?include?Vundle?and?initialize
set?rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call?vundle#begin()

"?let?Vundle?manage?Vundle,?required
Plugin?'gmarik/Vundle.vim'
Plugin?'fatih/vim-go'

"?All?of?your?Plugins?must?be?added?before?the?following?line
call?vundle#end()????????????"?required
filetype?plugin?indent?on????"?required

let?g:go_version_warning?=?0
如果覺得高亮的地方太少，可在~/.vimrc?下多添加如下配置

let?g:go_highlight_functions?=?1
let?g:go_highlight_methods?=?1
let?g:go_highlight_structs?=?1
let?g:go_highlight_operators?=?1
let?g:go_highlight_build_constraints?=?1

5. 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測(cè)試文件 test.go，將發(fā)現(xiàn)可以高亮了

[root@localhost?bundle]#?vim?./test.go

6. 下載 nerdtree 和 nerdtree-git-plugin

[root@localhost?bundle]#?git?clone?https://github.com/scrooloose/nerdtree.git?~/.vim/bundle/nerdtree

[root@localhost?bundle]#?git?clone?https://github.com/Xuyuanp/nerdtree-git-plugin.git?~/.vim/bundle/nerdtree-git-plugin

7. 修改~/.vimrc

set?nocompatible??????????????"?be?iMproved,?required
filetype?off??????????????????"?required

"?set?the?runtime?path?to?include?Vundle?and?initialize
set?rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

call?vundle#begin()

"?let?Vundle?manage?Vundle,?required
Plugin?'gmarik/Vundle.vim'
Plugin?'fatih/vim-go'
Plugin?'git://github.com/scrooloose/nerdtree.git'
Plugin?'git://github.com/Xuyuanp/nerdtree-git-plugin.git'

"?All?of?your?Plugins?must?be?added?before?the?following?line
call?vundle#end()????????????"?required

filetype?plugin?indent?on????"?required

let?g:go_version_warning?=?0

"?NERDTree?config
map???:NERDTreeToggle????"快捷鍵?F7，可以收放目錄樹的視圖
autocmd?bufenter?*?if?(winnr("$")?==?1?&&?exists("b:NERDTreeType")?&&b:NERDTreeType?==?"primary")?|?q?|?endif
autocmd?vimenter?*?NERDTree

8. nerdtree 的使用，這里不講解，大家可使用？命令來自己了解，如下

[root@localhost?bundle]#?vim?~/.vimrc

注意：使用 nerdtree 的命令，需要光標(biāo)在目錄樹的窗口下才可以，如上圖，此時(shí)直接敲？即可

9. 安裝 neocomplete

這個(gè)智能的提示功能需要很多限制條件，想要安裝成功請(qǐng)先閱讀這個(gè)網(wǎng)址：

https://blog.csdn.net/pei2215015/article/details/79813522

根據(jù)官網(wǎng) https://github.com/shougo/neosnippet.vim 的提示安裝，修改~/.vimrc

[root@localhost?bundle]#?vim?~/.vimrc

在如上位置添加 3 個(gè)插件 Plugin

在~/.vimrc 文件的最后添加

let?g:neocomplete#enable_at_startup?=?1

：wq?保存退出

打開 vim，執(zhí)行：PluginInstall

[root@localhost?.vim]#?vim

:PluginInstall

出現(xiàn) Done 即安裝成功

10. 安裝 ctags、gotags 和 tarbar

[root@localhost?bundle]#?yum?install?-y?ctags

如上面第 9 個(gè)步驟一樣，在~/.vimrc 中添加插件

Plugin?'jstemmer/gotags'

Plugin?'majutsushi/tagbar'

保存之后，打開 vim，執(zhí)行：PluginInstall，如下

[root@localhost?.vim]#?vim

:PluginInstall

出現(xiàn) Done 即安裝成功

在~/.vimrc文件最后加入以下內(nèi)容：

let?g:tagbar_type_go?=?{
????\?'ctagstype'?:?'go',
????\?'kinds'?????:?[
????????\?'p:package',
????????\?'i:imports:1',
????????\?'c:constants',
????????\?'v:variables',
????????\?'t:types',
????????\?'n:interfaces',
????????\?'w:fields',
????????\?'e:embedded',
????????\?'m:methods',
????????\?'r:constructor',
????????\?'f:functions'
????\?],
????\?'sro'?:?'.',
????\?'kind2scope'?:?{
????????\?'t'?:?'ctype',
????????\?'n'?:?'ntype'
????\?},
????\?'scope2kind'?:?{
????????\?'ctype'?:?'t',
????????\?'ntype'?:?'n'
????\?},
????\?'ctagsbin'??:?'gotags',
????\?'ctagsargs'?:?'-sort?-silent'
\?}

11. 安裝 mark.vim

地址：https://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=2666，我這里演示中下載的是

直接使用 vim 打開

[root@localhost?bundle]#?vim?./mark-3.0.0.vmb.gz?

在 vim 的命令模式下輸入

:so?%

即安裝成功

在~/.vimrc 中添加

nmap?ml?MarkSet?#高亮或反高亮一個(gè)單詞??
nmap?md?MarkClear
nmap?mn?MarkSearchAnyNext?#跳轉(zhuǎn)到任一下一個(gè)高亮單詞??
nmap?mp?MarkSearchAnyPrev
nmap?mf?MarkSearchCurrentNext?#跳轉(zhuǎn)到當(dāng)前高亮的下一個(gè)單詞??
nmap?mb?MarkSearchCurrentPrev

12. 安裝 goimports

[root@localhost?src]#?cd?/root/go/src
[root@localhost?src]#?mkdir?golang.org
[root@localhost?golang.org]#?mkdir?x
[root@localhost?golang.org]#?cd?./x
[root@localhost?x]#?git?clone?https://github.com/golang/tools.git
[root@localhost?x]#?cd?./tools/cmd/goimports/

[root@localhost?goimports]#?go?install

使用方法：在 vim 的命令模式下輸入：GoImports

注意：在 tools/cmd 下還有很多命令工具，可以使用同樣的方法安裝

13. 安裝 golint，對(duì) go 代碼進(jìn)行 lint 檢查

[root@localhost?golang.org]#?cd?/root/go/src/golang.org/x/
[root@localhost?x]#?git?clone?https://github.com/golang/lint
[root@localhost?x]#?cd?./lint/

[root@localhost?golint]#?go?install

使用方法：在 vim 的命令模式下輸入：GoLint

14. 讓 vim 支持 gocode

[root@localhost?vim]#?cd?/root/go/src/github.com/gocode/vim

[root@localhost?vim]#?./update.sh

15. 如果還需要安裝其他的第三方庫(kù)，請(qǐng)按照下面地址去學(xué)習(xí)

https://www.golangtc.com/download/package

這里就不一一演示了，所有操作和上面的都是一樣的了

最后的~/.vimrc 的文件是這樣子的

set?nocompatible??????????????"?be?iMproved,?required???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
filetype?off??????????????????"?required????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
"?set?the?runtime?path?to?include?Vundle?and?initialize?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
set?rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
call?vundle#begin()?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
"?let?Vundle?manage?Vundle,?required????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Plugin?'gmarik/Vundle.vim'??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Plugin?'fatih/vim-go'???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Plugin?'git://github.com/scrooloose/nerdtree.git'???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Plugin?'git://github.com/Xuyuanp/nerdtree-git-plugin.git'???????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Plugin?'Shougo/neocomplete'?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Plugin?'Shougo/neosnippet'??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Plugin?'Shougo/neosnippet-snippets'?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Plugin?'jstemmer/gotags'????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Plugin?'majutsushi/tagbar'??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
"?All?of?your?Plugins?must?be?added?before?the?following?line???????????????????????????????????????????????????
call?vundle#end()????????????"?required?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
filetype?plugin?indent?on????"?required

let?g:go_version_warning?=?0
let?g:go_highlight_functions?=?1
let?g:go_highlight_methods?=?1
let?g:neocomplete#enable_at_startup?=?1

"?NERDTree?config
map???:NERDTreeToggle
autocmd?bufenter?*?if?(winnr("$")?==?1?&&?exists("b:NERDTreeType")?&&?b:NERDTreeType?==?"primary")?|?q?|?endif
autocmd?vimenter?*?NERDTree

"?mark?config
nmap?ml?MarkSet
nmap?md?MarkClear
nmap?mn?MarkSearchAnyNex
nmap?mp?MarkSearchAnyPrev
nmap?mf?MarkSearchCurrentNext
nmap?mb?MarkSearchCurrentPrev

nmap??:TagbarToggle
let?g:tagbar_type_go?=?{
?\?'ctagstype'?:?'go',
?\?'kinds'?????:?[
??\?'p:package',
??\?'i:imports:1',
??\?'c:constants',
??\?'v:variables',
??\?'t:types',
??\?'n:interfaces',
??\?'w:fields',
??\?'e:embedded',
??\?'m:methods',
??\?'r:constructor',
??\?'f:functions'
?\?],
?\?'sro'?:?'.',
?\?'kind2scope'?:?{
??\?'t'?:?'ctype',
??\?'n'?:?'ntype'
?\?},
?\?'scope2kind'?:?{
??\?'ctype'?:?'t',
??\?'ntype'?:?'n'
?\?},
?\?'ctagsbin'??:?'gotags',
?\?'ctagsargs'?:?'-sort?-silent'
\?}

有時(shí)間再補(bǔ)充下各個(gè)插件是怎么使用的吧。

16. 安裝 ack，這里是新補(bǔ)充的

[root@localhost?kingshard]#?yum?install?-y?ack

[root@localhost?bundle]#?git?clone?https://github.com/mileszs/ack.vim.git?~/.vim/bundle/ack

在~/.vimrc中添加插件位置添加 Ack 和在文件最后添加快捷鍵 F4

????Plugin?'mileszs/ack'

????map??:Ack

光標(biāo)停留在某函數(shù)或變量名上，按 F4 回車，即可全局搜索調(diào)用處

總結(jié)：可能會(huì)經(jīng)常使用的快捷鍵

打開目錄窗口：F7

打開符號(hào)窗口：F8

各窗口間的相互跳轉(zhuǎn)：ctr+w+w

跳轉(zhuǎn)到函數(shù)定義處：gd

向前：tab 鍵

向后：ctr+o

高亮光標(biāo)所在的單詞：ml

取消光標(biāo)所在單詞的高亮：md

下一個(gè)高亮的單詞：mf

上一個(gè)高亮的單詞：mp