Python做的交互式動(dòng)態(tài)大圖真漂亮

今天給大家分享1個(gè)pyecharts交互式動(dòng)態(tài)可視化案例，通過先拆分、后組合的方式，一步步教你如何實(shí)現(xiàn)，具體成果如下：

本次案例數(shù)據(jù)來源于國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局，通過爬蟲獲取，這里已給大家備好，請(qǐng)?jiān)谖哪┇@取

一、繪制基本圖形

用pandas讀取數(shù)據(jù)，通過整合數(shù)據(jù)格式，分別用pyecharts繪制地圖、柱狀圖、餅圖，具體內(nèi)容如下：

1.繪制地圖

import?pyecharts.options?as?opts
from?pyecharts.globals?import?ThemeType
from?pyecharts.commons.utils?import?JsCode
from?pyecharts.charts?import?Timeline,?Grid,?Bar,?Map,?Pie
import?pandas?as?pd
data?=?pd.read_excel('全國各省財(cái)政收入.xlsx',index_col=0)
years=list(data.keys())?#獲取列名
citys=list(data.index)????#獲取索引行名
citys=[city.replace('省','').replace('市','').replace('自治區(qū)','')?for?city?in?citys]
datas=[]
for?y?in?years:
????dict_year={}
????dict_year['time']=y
????data_list=[[i,j]?for?i,j?in?zip(citys,list(data[y]))]
????dict_year['data']=sorted(data_list,?key=(lambda?x:?x[1]),reverse=True)
????datas.append(dict_year)
map_data?=?[i["data"]?for?i?in?datas?if?i["time"]==2010][0]
min_data,?max_data?=?(
????????min([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
????????max([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
????)
map_chart?=?(
????????Map(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(theme=ThemeType.DARK))
????????.add(
????????????series_name="",
????????????data_pair=map_data,
????????????label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
????????????is_map_symbol_show=False,
????????)
????????.set_global_opts(
????????????title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(
????????????????title="2000年以來中國各省GDP排名變化情況",
????????????????subtitle="GDP單位:億元",
????????????????pos_left="center",
????????????????pos_top="top",
????????????????title_textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(
????????????????????font_size=25,?color="rgba(123,104,238,?0.9)"
????????????????),
????????????),
????????????visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(
????????????????is_calculable=True,
????????????????dimension=0,
????????????????pos_left="10",
????????????????pos_top="center",
????????????????range_text=["High",?"Low"],
????????????????range_color=["lightskyblue",?"yellow",?"orangered"],
????????????????textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(color="#ddd"),
????????????????min_=min_data,
????????????????max_=max_data,
????????????),
????????)
????)
map_chart.render_notebook()

2.繪制柱狀圖

map_data?=?[i["data"]?for?i?in?datas?if?i["time"]==y][0]
min_data,?max_data?=?(
????min([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
????max([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
)
bar_x_data?=?[x[0]?for?x?in?map_data]
bar_y_data?=?[x[1]?for?x?in?map_data]
bar?=?(
????????Bar(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(theme=ThemeType.DARK))
????????.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=bar_x_data)
????????.add_yaxis(
????????????series_name="",
????????????yaxis_data=bar_y_data,
????????????label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(
????????????????is_show=True,?position="right",?formatter=":?{c}"
????????????),
????????)
????????.reversal_axis()
????????.set_global_opts(
????????????title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(
????????????????title="2000年以來中國各省GDP排名變化情況",
????????????????subtitle="GDP單位:億元",
????????????????pos_left="center",
????????????????pos_top="top",
????????????????title_textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(
????????????????????font_size=25,?color="rgba(123,104,238,?0.9)"
????????????????),
????????????),
????????????xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False)),
????????????yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False)),
????????????tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=False),
????????????visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(
????????????????is_calculable=True,
????????????????dimension=0,
????????????????pos_left="10",
????????????????pos_top="center",
????????????????range_text=["High",?"Low"],
????????????????range_color=["lightskyblue",?"yellow",?"orangered"],
????????????????textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(color="#ddd"),
????????????????min_=min_data,
????????????????max_=max_data,
????????????),
????????)
????)
bar.render_notebook()

3.繪制餅圖

pie_data?=?[[x[0],?x[1]]?for?x?in?map_data]
percent_sum?=?sum([x[1]?for?x?in?map_data])
rest_value?=?0
for?d?in?map_data:
????rest_percent?=?100.0
????rest_percent?=?rest_percent?-?percent_sum
????rest_value?=?d[1]?*?(rest_percent?/?d[1])
pie?=?(
????Pie(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(theme=ThemeType.DARK))
????.add(
????????series_name="",
????????data_pair=pie_data,
????????radius=["12%",?"20%"],
????????center=["50%",?"50%"],
????????itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(
????????????border_width=1,?border_color="rgba(0,0,0,0.3)"
????????),
????)
????.set_global_opts(
????????title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(
????????????????title="2000年以來中國各省GDP排名變化情況",
????????????????subtitle="GDP單位:億元",
????????????????pos_left="center",
????????????????pos_top="top",
????????????????title_textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(
????????????????????font_size=25,?color="rgba(123,104,238,?0.9)"
????????????????),
????????????),
????????tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=True,?formatter="?go7utgvlrp%"),
????????legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(is_show=False),
????)
)
pie.render_notebook()

二、繪制動(dòng)圖

在基本圖形的基礎(chǔ)上，引入timeline函數(shù)，繪制相應(yīng)動(dòng)態(tài)圖形：

1.繪制動(dòng)態(tài)地圖

def?get_year_chart(year:?int):
????map_data?=?[i["data"]?for?i?in?datas?if?i["time"]==year][0]
????min_data,?max_data?=?(
????????????min([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
????????????max([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
????????)
????map_chart?=?(
????????????Map(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(theme=ThemeType.DARK))
????????????.add(
????????????????series_name="",
????????????????data_pair=map_data,
????????????????label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
????????????????is_map_symbol_show=False,
????????????)
????????????.set_global_opts(
????????????????title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(
????????????????????title="{}年以來中國各省GDP排名情況".format(year),
????????????????????subtitle="GDP單位:億元",
????????????????????pos_left="center",
????????????????????pos_top="top",
????????????????????title_textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(
????????????????????????font_size=25,?color="rgba(123,104,238,?0.9)"
????????????????????),
????????????????),
????????????????visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(
????????????????????is_calculable=True,
????????????????????dimension=0,
????????????????????pos_left="10",
????????????????????pos_top="center",
????????????????????range_text=["High",?"Low"],
????????????????????range_color=["lightskyblue",?"yellow",?"orangered"],
????????????????????textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(color="#ddd"),
????????????????????min_=min_data,
????????????????????max_=max_data,
????????????????),
????????????)
????????)
????return?map_chart
time_list?=?list(range(2000,2020))
timeline?=?Timeline(
????init_opts=opts.InitOpts(width="1000px",?height="800px",?theme=ThemeType.DARK)
)
for?y?in?time_list:
????g?=?get_year_chart(year=y)
????timeline.add(g,?time_point=str(y))

timeline.add_schema(
????orient="vertical",
????is_auto_play=True,
????is_inverse=True,
????play_interval=500,
????pos_left="null",
????pos_right="5",
????pos_top="20",
????pos_bottom="20",
????width="50",
????label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=True,?color="#fff"),
)
timeline.render_notebook()

2.繪制動(dòng)態(tài)柱狀圖

def?get_year_chart(year:?int):
????map_data?=?[i["data"]?for?i?in?datas?if?i["time"]==year][0]
????min_data,?max_data?=?(
????????min([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
????????max([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
????)
????bar_x_data?=?[x[0]?for?x?in?map_data]
????bar_y_data?=?[x[1]?for?x?in?map_data]
????bar?=?(
????????????Bar(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(theme=ThemeType.DARK))
????????????.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=bar_x_data)
????????????.add_yaxis(
????????????????series_name="",
????????????????yaxis_data=bar_y_data,
????????????????label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(
????????????????????is_show=True,?position="right",?formatter=":?{c}"
????????????????),
????????????)
????????????.reversal_axis()
????????????.set_global_opts(
????????????????title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(
????????????????????title="2000年以來中國各省GDP排名變化情況",
????????????????????subtitle="GDP單位:億元",
????????????????????pos_left="center",
????????????????????pos_top="top",
????????????????????title_textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(
????????????????????????font_size=25,?color="rgba(123,104,238,?0.9)"
????????????????????),
????????????????),
????????????????xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False)),
????????????????yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False)),
????????????????tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=False),
????????????????visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(
????????????????????is_calculable=True,
????????????????????dimension=0,
????????????????????pos_left="10",
????????????????????pos_top="center",
????????????????????range_text=["High",?"Low"],
????????????????????range_color=["lightskyblue",?"yellow",?"orangered"],
????????????????????textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(color="#ddd"),
????????????????????min_=min_data,
????????????????????max_=max_data,
????????????????),
????????????)
????????)
????return?bar
time_list?=?list(range(2000,2020))
timeline?=?Timeline(
????init_opts=opts.InitOpts(width="1000px",?height="800px",?theme=ThemeType.DARK)
)
for?y?in?time_list:
????g?=?get_year_chart(year=y)
????timeline.add(g,?time_point=str(y))

timeline.add_schema(
????orient="vertical",
????is_auto_play=True,
????is_inverse=True,
????play_interval=500,
????pos_left="null",
????pos_right="5",
????pos_top="20",
????pos_bottom="20",
????width="50",
????label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=True,?color="#fff"),
)
timeline.render_notebook()

3.繪制動(dòng)態(tài)餅圖

def?get_year_chart(year:?int):
????map_data?=?[i["data"]?for?i?in?datas?if?i["time"]==year][0]
????min_data,?max_data?=?(
????????min([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
????????max([d[1]?for?d?in?map_data]),
????)
????pie_data?=?[[x[0],?x[1]]?for?x?in?map_data]
????percent_sum?=?sum([x[1]?for?x?in?map_data])
????rest_value?=?0
????for?d?in?map_data:
????????rest_percent?=?100.0
????????rest_percent?=?rest_percent?-?percent_sum
????????rest_value?=?d[1]?*?(rest_percent?/?d[1])
????pie?=?(
????????Pie(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(theme=ThemeType.DARK))
????????.add(
????????????series_name="",
????????????data_pair=pie_data,
????????????radius=["12%",?"20%"],
????????????center=["50%",?"50%"],
????????????itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(
????????????????border_width=1,?border_color="rgba(0,0,0,0.3)"
????????????),
????????)
????????.set_global_opts(
????????????title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(
????????????????????title="2000年以來中國各省GDP排名變化情況",
????????????????????subtitle="GDP單位:億元",
????????????????????pos_left="center",
????????????????????pos_top="top",
????????????????????title_textstyle_opts=opts.TextStyleOpts(
????????????????????????font_size=25,?color="rgba(123,104,238,?0.9)"
????????????????????),
????????????????),
????????????tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=True,?formatter="?go7utgvlrp%"),
????????????legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(is_show=False),
????????)
????)
????return?pie
time_list?=?list(range(2000,2020))
timeline?=?Timeline(
????init_opts=opts.InitOpts(width="1000px",?height="800px",?theme=ThemeType.DARK)
)
for?y?in?time_list:
????g?=?get_year_chart(year=y)
????timeline.add(g,?time_point=str(y))

timeline.add_schema(
????orient="vertical",
????is_auto_play=True,
????is_inverse=True,
????play_interval=500,
????pos_left="null",
????pos_right="5",
????pos_top="20",
????pos_bottom="20",
????width="50",
????label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=True,?color="#fff"),
)
timeline.render_notebook()

三、合并動(dòng)圖

最后，通過grid模塊將三個(gè)圖形合并到一起：