從bio到nio到netty實現(xiàn)原理淺析

public class Bio {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
            ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8888);
            System.out.println("服務(wù)器已經(jīng)啟動！");
            // 接收客戶端發(fā)送的信息
            while(true){
                Socket socket = null;
                try {
                    socket = server.accept();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                new Thread(() ->{
                    try {
                        InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
                        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));

                        String info = null;
                        while ((info = br.readLine()) != null) {
                            System.out.println(info);
                        }
                        // 向客戶端寫入信息
                        OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
                        String str = "歡迎登陸到server服務(wù)器!";
                        os.write(str.getBytes());
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }).start();
            }
    }
}

public class Nio {
    // 本地字符集
    private static final String LocalCharSetName = "UTF-8";

    // 本地服務(wù)器監(jiān)聽的端口
    private static final int Listenning_Port = 8888;

    // 緩沖區(qū)大小
    private static final int Buffer_Size = 1024;

    // 超時時間,單位毫秒
    private static final int TimeOut = 3000;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建一個在本地端口進行監(jiān)聽的服務(wù)Socket信道.并設(shè)置為非阻塞方式
        ServerSocketChannel serverChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(Listenning_Port));
        serverChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        // 創(chuàng)建一個選擇器并將serverChannel注冊到它上面
        Selector selector = Selector.open();
        //設(shè)置為客戶端請求連接時，默認客戶端已經(jīng)連接上
        serverChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
        while (true) {
            // 輪詢監(jiān)聽key，select是阻塞的，accept()也是阻塞的
            if (selector.select(TimeOut) == 0) {
                System.out.println(".");
                continue;
            }
            // 有客戶端請求，被輪詢監(jiān)聽到
            Iterator<SelectionKey> keyIter = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
            while (keyIter.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey key = keyIter.next();
                if (key.isAcceptable()) {
                    SocketChannel clientChannel = ((ServerSocketChannel) key.channel()).accept();
                    clientChannel.configureBlocking(false);
                    //意思是在通過Selector監(jiān)聽Channel時對讀事件感興趣
                    clientChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ,
                            ByteBuffer.allocate(Buffer_Size));
                }
                else if (key.isReadable()) {
                  
                    SocketChannel clientChannel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
                    // 接下來是java緩沖區(qū)io操作，避免io堵塞
                    ByteBuffer buffer = (ByteBuffer) key.attachment();
                    buffer.clear();
                    long bytesRead = clientChannel.read(buffer);
                    if (bytesRead == -1) {
                        // 沒有讀取到內(nèi)容的情況
                        clientChannel.close();
                    } else {
                        // 將緩沖區(qū)準(zhǔn)備為數(shù)據(jù)傳出狀態(tài)
                        buffer.flip();
                        // 將獲得字節(jié)字符串(使用Charset進行解碼)
                        String receivedString = Charset
                                .forName(LocalCharSetName).newDecoder().decode(buffer).toString();
                        System.out.println("接收到信息:" + receivedString);
                        String sendString = "你好,客戶端. 已經(jīng)收到你的信息" + receivedString;
                        buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(sendString.getBytes(LocalCharSetName));

                        clientChannel.write(buffer);
                        key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
                    }
                }

                keyIter.remove();
            }
        }

    }
}

public class Netty {

    public void start(int port) throws Exception
    {
        ServerBootstrap strap = new ServerBootstrap();
        //主線程
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        //從線程
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            strap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup).
                    //主線程監(jiān)聽通道
                    channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class).
                    option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024).
                    //定義從線程的handler鏈，責(zé)任鏈模式
                    childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new NettyServerHandler());
                        }
                    });
            ChannelFuture future=strap.bind(port).sync();
            future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("start server");
        new Netty().start(8000);
    }
}