用 Python 寫(xiě)個(gè)消消樂(lè)小游戲
提到開(kāi)心消消樂(lè)這款小游戲，相信大家都不陌生，其曾在 2015 年獲得過(guò)玩家最喜愛(ài)的移動(dòng)單機(jī)游戲獎(jiǎng)，受歡迎程度可見(jiàn)一斑，本文我們使用 Python 來(lái)做個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的消消樂(lè)小游戲。
實(shí)現(xiàn)
消消樂(lè)的構(gòu)成主要包括三部分：游戲主體、計(jì)分器、計(jì)時(shí)器，下面來(lái)看一下具體實(shí)現(xiàn)。
先來(lái)看一下游戲所需 Python 庫(kù)。
import osimport sysimport timeimport pygameimport random
定義一些常量，比如：窗口寬高、網(wǎng)格行列數(shù)等，代碼如下：
WIDTH = 400HEIGHT = 400NUMGRID = 8GRIDSIZE = 36XMARGIN = (WIDTH - GRIDSIZE * NUMGRID) // 2YMARGIN = (HEIGHT - GRIDSIZE * NUMGRID) // 2ROOTDIR = os.getcwd()FPS = 30
接著創(chuàng)建一個(gè)主窗口，代碼如下：
pygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))pygame.display.set_caption('消消樂(lè)')
看一下效果：
再接著在窗口中畫(huà)一個(gè) 8 x 8 的網(wǎng)格，代碼如下：
screen.fill((255, 255, 220))# 游戲界面的網(wǎng)格繪制def drawGrids(self):for x in range(NUMGRID):for y in range(NUMGRID):rect = pygame.Rect((XMARGIN+x*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN+y*GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE))self.drawBlock(rect, color=(255, 165, 0), size=1# 畫(huà)矩形 block 框def drawBlock(self, block, color=(255, 0, 0), size=2):pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, color, block, size)
看一下效果：
再接著在網(wǎng)格中隨機(jī)放入各種拼圖塊，代碼如下：
while True:self.all_gems = []self.gems_group = pygame.sprite.Group()for x in range(NUMGRID):self.all_gems.append([])for y in range(NUMGRID):gem = Puzzle(img_path=random.choice(self.gem_imgs), size=(GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE), position=[XMARGIN+x*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN+y*GRIDSIZE-NUMGRID*GRIDSIZE], downlen=NUMGRID*GRIDSIZE)self.all_gems[x].append(gem)self.gems_group.add(gem)if self.isMatch()[0] == 0:break
看一下效果：
再接著加入計(jì)分器和計(jì)時(shí)器，代碼如下：
# 顯示得分def drawScore(self):score_render = self.font.render('分?jǐn)?shù):'+str(self.score), 1, (85, 65, 0))rect = score_render.get_rect()rect.left, rect.top = (55, 15)self.screen.blit(score_render, rect)# 顯示加分def drawAddScore(self, add_score):score_render = self.font.render('+'+str(add_score), 1, (255, 100, 100))rect = score_render.get_rect()rect.left, rect.top = (250, 250)self.screen.blit(score_render, rect)# 顯示剩余時(shí)間def showRemainingTime(self):remaining_time_render = self.font.render('倒計(jì)時(shí): %ss' % str(self.remaining_time), 1, (85, 65, 0))rect = remaining_time_render.get_rect()rect.left, rect.top = (WIDTH-190, 15)self.screen.blit(remaining_time_render, rect)
看一下效果：
當(dāng)設(shè)置的游戲時(shí)間用盡時(shí)，我們可以生成一些提示信息，代碼如下：
while True:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:pygame.quit()sys.exit()if event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_r:flag = Trueif flag:breakscreen.fill((255, 255, 220))text0 = '最終得分: %s' % scoretext1 = '按 R 鍵重新開(kāi)始'y = 140for idx, text in enumerate([text0, text1]):text_render = font.render(text, 1, (85, 65, 0))rect = text_render.get_rect()if idx == 0:rect.left, rect.top = (100, y)elif idx == 1:rect.left, rect.top = (100, y)y += 60screen.blit(text_render, rect)pygame.display.update()
看一下效果：
說(shuō)完了游戲圖形化界面相關(guān)的部分，我們?cè)倏匆幌掠螒虻闹饕幚磉壿嫛?br>
我們通過(guò)鼠標(biāo)來(lái)操縱拼圖塊，因此程序需要檢查有無(wú)拼圖塊被選中，代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：
def checkSelected(self, position):for x in range(NUMGRID):for y in range(NUMGRID):if self.getGemByPos(x, y).rect.collidepoint(*position):return [x, y]return None
我們需要將鼠標(biāo)連續(xù)選擇的拼圖塊進(jìn)行位置交換，代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：
def swapGem(self, gem1_pos, gem2_pos):margin = gem1_pos[0] - gem2_pos[0] + gem1_pos[1] - gem2_pos[1]if abs(margin) != 1:return Falsegem1 = self.getGemByPos(*gem1_pos)gem2 = self.getGemByPos(*gem2_pos)if gem1_pos[0] - gem2_pos[0] == 1:gem1.direction = 'left'gem2.direction = 'right'elif gem1_pos[0] - gem2_pos[0] == -1:gem2.direction = 'left'gem1.direction = 'right'elif gem1_pos[1] - gem2_pos[1] == 1:gem1.direction = 'up'gem2.direction = 'down'elif gem1_pos[1] - gem2_pos[1] == -1:gem2.direction = 'up'gem1.direction = 'down'gem1.target_x = gem2.rect.leftgem1.target_y = gem2.rect.topgem1.fixed = Falsegem2.target_x = gem1.rect.leftgem2.target_y = gem1.rect.topgem2.fixed = Falseself.all_gems[gem2_pos[0]][gem2_pos[1]] = gem1self.all_gems[gem1_pos[0]][gem1_pos[1]] = gem2return True
每一次交換拼圖塊時(shí)，我們需要判斷是否有連續(xù)一樣的三個(gè)及以上拼圖塊，代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：
def isMatch(self):for x in range(NUMGRID):for y in range(NUMGRID):if x + 2 < NUMGRID:if self.getGemByPos(x, y).type == self.getGemByPos(x+1, y).type == self.getGemByPos(x+2, y).type:return [1, x, y]if y + 2 < NUMGRID:if self.getGemByPos(x, y).type == self.getGemByPos(x, y+1).type == self.getGemByPos(x, y+2).type:return [2, x, y]return [0, x, y]
當(dāng)出現(xiàn)三個(gè)及以上拼圖塊時(shí)，需要將這些拼圖塊消除，代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：
def removeMatched(self, res_match):if res_match[0] > 0:self.generateNewGems(res_match)self.score += self.rewardreturn self.rewardreturn 0
將匹配的拼圖塊消除之后，我們還需要隨機(jī)生成新的拼圖塊，代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：
def generateNewGems(self, res_match):if res_match[0] == 1:start = res_match[2]while start > -2:for each in [res_match[1], res_match[1]+1, res_match[1]+2]:gem = self.getGemByPos(*[each, start])if start == res_match[2]:self.gems_group.remove(gem)self.all_gems[each][start] = Noneelif start >= 0:gem.target_y += GRIDSIZEgem.fixed = Falsegem.direction = 'down'self.all_gems[each][start+1] = gemelse:gem = Puzzle(img_path=random.choice(self.gem_imgs), size=(GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE), position=[XMARGIN+each*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN-GRIDSIZE], downlen=GRIDSIZE)self.gems_group.add(gem)self.all_gems[each][start+1] = gemstart -= 1elif res_match[0] == 2:start = res_match[2]while start > -4:if start == res_match[2]:for each in range(0, 3):gem = self.getGemByPos(*[res_match[1], start+each])self.gems_group.remove(gem)self.all_gems[res_match[1]][start+each] = Noneelif start >= 0:gem = self.getGemByPos(*[res_match[1], start])gem.target_y += GRIDSIZE * 3gem.fixed = Falsegem.direction = 'down'self.all_gems[res_match[1]][start+3] = gemelse:gem = Puzzle(img_path=random.choice(self.gem_imgs), size=(GRIDSIZE, GRIDSIZE), position=[XMARGIN+res_match[1]*GRIDSIZE, YMARGIN+start*GRIDSIZE], downlen=GRIDSIZE*3)self.gems_group.add(gem)self.all_gems[res_match[1]][start+3] = gemstart -= 1
之后反復(fù)執(zhí)行這個(gè)過(guò)程，直至耗盡游戲時(shí)間，游戲結(jié)束。
最后，我們動(dòng)態(tài)看一下游戲效果。
總結(jié)
本文我們使用 Python 實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的消消樂(lè)游戲，有興趣的可以對(duì)游戲做進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展，比如增加關(guān)卡等。
https://github.com/JustDoPython/python-examples/tree/master/yeke/py-xxl
作者：野客
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