SpringBoot中使用注解來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn) Redis 分布式鎖
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作者:jingQ
https://www.sevenyuan.cn/
一、業(yè)務(wù)背景
二、分析流程
Redis?作為分布式鎖,將鎖的狀態(tài)放到?Redis?統(tǒng)一維護(hù),解決集群中單機(jī)?JVM?信息不互通的問(wèn)題,規(guī)定操作順序,保護(hù)用戶的數(shù)據(jù)正確。新建注解 @interface,在注解里設(shè)定入?yún)?biāo)志 增加 AOP 切點(diǎn),掃描特定注解 建立 @Aspect 切面任務(wù),注冊(cè) bean 和攔截特定方法 特定方法參數(shù) ProceedingJoinPoint,對(duì)方法 pjp.proceed() 前后進(jìn)行攔截 切點(diǎn)前進(jìn)行加鎖,任務(wù)執(zhí)行后進(jìn)行刪除 key
加鎖
Key?的請(qǐng)求,才能進(jìn)行后續(xù)的數(shù)據(jù)操作,后續(xù)其它請(qǐng)求由于無(wú)法獲得??資源,將會(huì)失敗結(jié)束。超時(shí)問(wèn)題
pjp.proceed()?切點(diǎn)執(zhí)行的方法太耗時(shí),導(dǎo)致?Redis?中的?key?由于超時(shí)提前釋放了。Redis?鎖,兩個(gè)線程同時(shí)對(duì)同一批數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行操作,導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)不準(zhǔn)確。解決方案:增加一個(gè)「續(xù)時(shí)」
ScheduledExecutorService,每隔 2s 去掃描加入隊(duì)列中的 Task,判斷是否失效時(shí)間是否快到了,公式為:【失效時(shí)間】<= 【當(dāng)前時(shí)間】+【失效間隔(三分之一超時(shí))】/**
?*?線程池,每個(gè)?JVM?使用一個(gè)線程去維護(hù)?keyAliveTime,定時(shí)執(zhí)行?runnable
?*/
private?static?final?ScheduledExecutorService?SCHEDULER?=?
new?ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1,?
new?BasicThreadFactory.Builder().namingPattern("redisLock-schedule-pool").daemon(true).build());
static?{
????SCHEDULER.scheduleAtFixedRate(()?->?{
????????//?do?something?to?extend?time
????},?0,??2,?TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
三、設(shè)計(jì)方案

攔截注解 @RedisLock,獲取必要的參數(shù)
續(xù)時(shí)操作
結(jié)束業(yè)務(wù),釋放鎖
四、實(shí)操
AOP?使用方法,可以參考一下相關(guān)屬性類(lèi)配置
業(yè)務(wù)屬性枚舉設(shè)定
public?enum?RedisLockTypeEnum?{
????/**
?????*?自定義?key?前綴
?????*/
????ONE("Business1",?"Test1"),
????
????TWO("Business2",?"Test2");
????private?String?code;
????private?String?desc;
????RedisLockTypeEnum(String?code,?String?desc)?{
????????this.code?=?code;
????????this.desc?=?desc;
????}
????public?String?getCode()?{
????????return?code;
????}
????public?String?getDesc()?{
????????return?desc;
????}
????public?String?getUniqueKey(String?key)?{
????????return?String.format("%s:%s",?this.getCode(),?key);
????}
}
任務(wù)隊(duì)列保存參數(shù)
public?class?RedisLockDefinitionHolder?{
????/**
?????*?業(yè)務(wù)唯一?key
?????*/
????private?String?businessKey;
????/**
?????*?加鎖時(shí)間?(秒?s)
?????*/
????private?Long?lockTime;
????/**
?????*?上次更新時(shí)間(ms)
?????*/
????private?Long?lastModifyTime;
????/**
?????*?保存當(dāng)前線程
?????*/
????private?Thread?currentTread;
????/**
?????*?總共嘗試次數(shù)
?????*/
????private?int?tryCount;
????/**
?????*?當(dāng)前嘗試次數(shù)
?????*/
????private?int?currentCount;
????/**
?????*?更新的時(shí)間周期(毫秒),公式?=?加鎖時(shí)間(轉(zhuǎn)成毫秒)?/?3
?????*/
????private?Long?modifyPeriod;
????public?RedisLockDefinitionHolder(String?businessKey,?Long?lockTime,?Long?lastModifyTime,?Thread?currentTread,?int?tryCount)?{
????????this.businessKey?=?businessKey;
????????this.lockTime?=?lockTime;
????????this.lastModifyTime?=?lastModifyTime;
????????this.currentTread?=?currentTread;
????????this.tryCount?=?tryCount;
????????this.modifyPeriod?=?lockTime?*?1000?/?3;
????}
}
設(shè)定被攔截的注解名字
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.METHOD,?ElementType.TYPE})
public?@interface?RedisLockAnnotation?{
????/**
?????*?特定參數(shù)識(shí)別,默認(rèn)取第?0?個(gè)下標(biāo)
?????*/
????int?lockFiled()?default?0;
????/**
?????*?超時(shí)重試次數(shù)
?????*/
????int?tryCount()?default?3;
????/**
?????*?自定義加鎖類(lèi)型
?????*/
????RedisLockTypeEnum?typeEnum();
????/**
?????*?釋放時(shí)間,秒?s?單位
?????*/
????long?lockTime()?default?30;
}
核心切面攔截的操作
RedisLockAspect.java?該類(lèi)分成三部分來(lái)描述具體作用Pointcut 設(shè)定
/**
?*?@annotation?中的路徑表示攔截特定注解
?*/
@Pointcut("@annotation(cn.sevenyuan.demo.aop.lock.RedisLockAnnotation)")
public?void?redisLockPC()?{
}
Around 前后進(jìn)行加鎖和釋放鎖
@Around(value?=?"redisLockPC()")
public?Object?around(ProceedingJoinPoint?pjp)?throws?Throwable?{
????//?解析參數(shù)
????Method?method?=?resolveMethod(pjp);
????RedisLockAnnotation?annotation?=?method.getAnnotation(RedisLockAnnotation.class);
????RedisLockTypeEnum?typeEnum?=?annotation.typeEnum();
????Object[]?params?=?pjp.getArgs();
????String?ukString?=?params[annotation.lockFiled()].toString();
????//?省略很多參數(shù)校驗(yàn)和判空
????String?businessKey?=?typeEnum.getUniqueKey(ukString);
????String?uniqueValue?=?UUID.randomUUID().toString();
????//?加鎖
????Object?result?=?null;
????try?{
????????boolean?isSuccess?=?redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(businessKey,?uniqueValue);
????????if?(!isSuccess)?{
????????????throw?new?Exception("You?can't?do?it,because?another?has?get?the?lock?=-=");
????????}
????????redisTemplate.expire(businessKey,?annotation.lockTime(),?TimeUnit.SECONDS);
????????Thread?currentThread?=?Thread.currentThread();
????????//?將本次?Task?信息加入「延時(shí)」隊(duì)列中
????????holderList.add(new?RedisLockDefinitionHolder(businessKey,?annotation.lockTime(),?System.currentTimeMillis(),
????????????????currentThread,?annotation.tryCount()));
????????//?執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)操作
????????result?=?pjp.proceed();
????????//?線程被中斷,拋出異常,中斷此次請(qǐng)求
????????if?(currentThread.isInterrupted())?{
????????????throw?new?InterruptedException("You?had?been?interrupted?=-=");
????????}
????}?catch?(InterruptedException?e?)?{
????????log.error("Interrupt?exception,?rollback?transaction",?e);
????????throw?new?Exception("Interrupt?exception,?please?send?request?again");
????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{
????????log.error("has?some?error,?please?check?again",?e);
????}?finally?{
????????//?請(qǐng)求結(jié)束后,強(qiáng)制刪掉?key,釋放鎖
????????redisTemplate.delete(businessKey);
????????log.info("release?the?lock,?businessKey?is?["?+?businessKey?+?"]");
????}
????return?result;
}
解析注解參數(shù),獲取注解值和方法上的參數(shù)值
redis 加鎖并且設(shè)置超時(shí)時(shí)間
將本次 Task 信息加入「延時(shí)」隊(duì)列中,進(jìn)行續(xù)時(shí),方式提前釋放鎖
加了一個(gè)線程中斷標(biāo)志
結(jié)束請(qǐng)求,finally 中釋放鎖
續(xù)時(shí)操作
ScheduledExecutorService,維護(hù)了一個(gè)線程,不斷對(duì)任務(wù)隊(duì)列中的任務(wù)進(jìn)行判斷和延長(zhǎng)超時(shí)時(shí)間://?掃描的任務(wù)隊(duì)列
private?static?ConcurrentLinkedQueue?holderList?=?new?ConcurrentLinkedQueue();
/**
?*?線程池,維護(hù)keyAliveTime
?*/
private?static?final?ScheduledExecutorService?SCHEDULER?=?new?ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1,
????????new?BasicThreadFactory.Builder().namingPattern("redisLock-schedule-pool").daemon(true).build());
{
????//?兩秒執(zhí)行一次「續(xù)時(shí)」操作
????SCHEDULER.scheduleAtFixedRate(()?->?{
????????//?這里記得加?try-catch,否者報(bào)錯(cuò)后定時(shí)任務(wù)將不會(huì)再執(zhí)行=-=
????????Iterator?iterator?=?holderList.iterator();
????????while?(iterator.hasNext())?{
????????????RedisLockDefinitionHolder?holder?=?iterator.next();
????????????//?判空
????????????if?(holder?==?null)?{
????????????????iterator.remove();
????????????????continue;
????????????}
????????????//?判斷?key?是否還有效,無(wú)效的話進(jìn)行移除
????????????if?(redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(holder.getBusinessKey())?==?null)?{
????????????????iterator.remove();
????????????????continue;
????????????}
????????????//?超時(shí)重試次數(shù),超過(guò)時(shí)給線程設(shè)定中斷
????????????if?(holder.getCurrentCount()?>?holder.getTryCount())?{
????????????????holder.getCurrentTread().interrupt();
????????????????iterator.remove();
????????????????continue;
????????????}
????????????//?判斷是否進(jìn)入最后三分之一時(shí)間
????????????long?curTime?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
????????????boolean?shouldExtend?=?(holder.getLastModifyTime()?+?holder.getModifyPeriod())?<=?curTime;
????????????if?(shouldExtend)?{
????????????????holder.setLastModifyTime(curTime);
????????????????redisTemplate.expire(holder.getBusinessKey(),?holder.getLockTime(),?TimeUnit.SECONDS);
????????????????log.info("businessKey?:?["?+?holder.getBusinessKey()?+?"],?try?count?:?"?+?holder.getCurrentCount());
????????????????holder.setCurrentCount(holder.getCurrentCount()?+?1);
????????????}
????????}
????},?0,?2,?TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
Thread#interrupt,希望超過(guò)重試次數(shù)后,能讓線程中斷(未經(jīng)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)測(cè)試,僅供參考哈哈哈哈)Log,分析問(wèn)題時(shí)可以更快一點(diǎn)。如何使用SpringBoot AOP 記錄操作日志、異常日志?五、開(kāi)始測(cè)試
Thread#sleep@GetMapping("/testRedisLock")
@RedisLockAnnotation(typeEnum?=?RedisLockTypeEnum.ONE,?lockTime?=?3)
public?Book?testRedisLock(@RequestParam("userId")?Long?userId)?{
????try?{
????????log.info("睡眠執(zhí)行前");
????????Thread.sleep(10000);
????????log.info("睡眠執(zhí)行后");
????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{
????????//?log?error
????????log.info("has?some?error",?e);
????}
????return?null;
}
typeEnum?可以區(qū)分多種業(yè)務(wù),限制該業(yè)務(wù)被同時(shí)操作。2020-04-04?14:55:50.864??INFO?9326?---?[nio-8081-exec-1]?c.s.demo.controller.BookController???????:?睡眠執(zhí)行前
2020-04-04?14:55:52.855??INFO?9326?---?[k-schedule-pool]?c.s.demo.aop.lock.RedisLockAspect????????:?businessKey?:?[Business1:1024],?try?count?:?0
2020-04-04?14:55:54.851??INFO?9326?---?[k-schedule-pool]?c.s.demo.aop.lock.RedisLockAspect????????:?businessKey?:?[Business1:1024],?try?count?:?1
2020-04-04?14:55:56.851??INFO?9326?---?[k-schedule-pool]?c.s.demo.aop.lock.RedisLockAspect????????:?businessKey?:?[Business1:1024],?try?count?:?2
2020-04-04?14:55:58.852??INFO?9326?---?[k-schedule-pool]?c.s.demo.aop.lock.RedisLockAspect????????:?businessKey?:?[Business1:1024],?try?count?:?3
2020-04-04?14:56:00.857??INFO?9326?---?[nio-8081-exec-1]?c.s.demo.controller.BookController???????:?has?some?error
java.lang.InterruptedException:?sleep?interrupted
?at?java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native?Method)?[na:1.8.0_221]

六、總結(jié)
新建注解 @interface,在注解里設(shè)定入?yún)?biāo)志 增加 AOP 切點(diǎn),掃描特定注解 建立 @Aspect 切面任務(wù),注冊(cè) bean 和攔截特定方法 特定方法參數(shù) ProceedingJoinPoint,對(duì)方法 pjp.proceed() 前后進(jìn)行攔截 切點(diǎn)前進(jìn)行加鎖,任務(wù)執(zhí)行后進(jìn)行刪除 key
Review?小伙伴的代碼設(shè)計(jì),從中了解分布式鎖的具體實(shí)現(xiàn),仿照他的設(shè)計(jì),重新寫(xiě)了一份簡(jiǎn)化版的業(yè)務(wù)處理。對(duì)于之前沒(méi)考慮到的「續(xù)時(shí)」操作,這里使用了守護(hù)線程來(lái)定時(shí)判斷和延長(zhǎng)超時(shí)時(shí)間,避免了鎖提前釋放。AOP?的實(shí)現(xiàn)和常用方法ScheduledExecutorService?的使用和參數(shù)含義Thread#interrupt?的含義以及用法(這個(gè)挺有意思的,可以深入再學(xué)習(xí)一下)SpringBoot?的項(xiàng)目中,感興趣的可以克隆一下,使用這個(gè)?Redis???推薦閱讀:
為什么阿里規(guī)定需要在事務(wù)注解 @Transactional 中指定 rollbackFor?
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