Spring Boot + MyBatis + MySQL讀寫分離
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1. 引言
讀寫分離要做的事情就是對(duì)于一條SQL該選擇哪個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)去執(zhí)行，至于誰(shuí)來(lái)做選擇數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)這件事兒，無(wú)非兩個(gè)，要么中間件幫我們做，要么程序自己做。因此，一般來(lái)講，讀寫分離有兩種實(shí)現(xiàn)方式。
地址：www.cnblogs.com/cjsblog/p/9706370.html<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.cjs.example</groupId>
<artifactId>cjs-datasource-demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>cjs-datasource-demo</name>
<description></description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<!--<plugin>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3.5</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.46</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<configuration>
<configurationFile>${basedir}/src/main/resources/myBatisGeneratorConfig.xml</configurationFile>
<overwrite>true</overwrite>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>Generate MyBatis Artifacts</id>
<goals>
<goal>generate</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>-->
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
spring:
datasource:
master:
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.102.31:3306/test
username: root
password: 123456
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
slave1:
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.102.56:3306/test
username: pig # 只讀賬戶
password: 123456
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
slave2:
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.102.36:3306/test
username: pig # 只讀賬戶
password: 123456
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
/**
* 關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)源配置，參考SpringBoot官方文檔第79章《Data Access》
* 79. Data Access
* 79.1 Configure a Custom DataSource
* 79.2 Configure Two DataSources
*/
@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig {
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.master")
public DataSource masterDataSource() {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.slave1")
public DataSource slave1DataSource() {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.slave2")
public DataSource slave2DataSource() {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean
public DataSource myRoutingDataSource(@Qualifier("masterDataSource") DataSource masterDataSource,
@Qualifier("slave1DataSource") DataSource slave1DataSource,
@Qualifier("slave2DataSource") DataSource slave2DataSource) {
Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources = new HashMap<>();
targetDataSources.put(DBTypeEnum.MASTER, masterDataSource);
targetDataSources.put(DBTypeEnum.SLAVE1, slave1DataSource);
targetDataSources.put(DBTypeEnum.SLAVE2, slave2DataSource);
MyRoutingDataSource myRoutingDataSource = new MyRoutingDataSource();
myRoutingDataSource.setDefaultTargetDataSource(masterDataSource);
myRoutingDataSource.setTargetDataSources(targetDataSources);
return myRoutingDataSource;
}
}
@EnableTransactionManagement
@Configuration
public class MyBatisConfig {
@Resource(name = "myRoutingDataSource")
private DataSource myRoutingDataSource;
@Bean
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory() throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(myRoutingDataSource);
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:mapper/*.xml"));
return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}
@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager platformTransactionManager() {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(myRoutingDataSource);
}
}
package com.cjs.example.enums;
public enum DBTypeEnum {
MASTER, SLAVE1, SLAVE2;
}
public class DBContextHolder {
private static final ThreadLocal<DBTypeEnum> contextHolder = new ThreadLocal<>();
private static final AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger(-1);
public static void set(DBTypeEnum dbType) {
contextHolder.set(dbType);
}
public static DBTypeEnum get() {
return contextHolder.get();
}
public static void master() {
set(DBTypeEnum.MASTER);
System.out.println("切換到master");
}
public static void slave() {
// 輪詢
int index = counter.getAndIncrement() % 2;
if (counter.get() > 9999) {
counter.set(-1);
}
if (index == 0) {
set(DBTypeEnum.SLAVE1);
System.out.println("切換到slave1");
}else {
set(DBTypeEnum.SLAVE2);
System.out.println("切換到slave2");
}
}
}
package com.cjs.example.bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
public class MyRoutingDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {
@Nullable
@Override
protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
return DBContextHolder.get();
}
}
@Aspect
@Component
public class DataSourceAop {
@Pointcut("!@annotation(com.cjs.example.annotation.Master) " +
"&& (execution(* com.cjs.example.service..*.select*(..)) " +
"|| execution(* com.cjs.example.service..*.get*(..)))")
public void readPointcut() {
}
@Pointcut("@annotation(com.cjs.example.annotation.Master) " +
"|| execution(* com.cjs.example.service..*.insert*(..)) " +
"|| execution(* com.cjs.example.service..*.add*(..)) " +
"|| execution(* com.cjs.example.service..*.update*(..)) " +
"|| execution(* com.cjs.example.service..*.edit*(..)) " +
"|| execution(* com.cjs.example.service..*.delete*(..)) " +
"|| execution(* com.cjs.example.service..*.remove*(..))")
public void writePointcut() {
}
@Before("readPointcut()")
public void read() {
DBContextHolder.slave();
}
@Before("writePointcut()")
public void write() {
DBContextHolder.master();
}
/**
* 另一種寫法：if...else... 判斷哪些需要讀從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，其余的走主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
*/
// @Before("execution(* com.cjs.example.service.impl.*.*(..))")
// public void before(JoinPoint jp) {
// String methodName = jp.getSignature().getName();
//
// if (StringUtils.startsWithAny(methodName, "get", "select", "find")) {
// DBContextHolder.slave();
// }else {
// DBContextHolder.master();
// }
// }
}
package com.cjs.example.annotation;
public @interface Master {
}
@Service
public class MemberServiceImpl implements MemberService {
@Autowired
private MemberMapper memberMapper;
@Transactional
@Override
public int insert(Member member) {
return memberMapper.insert(member);
}
@Master
@Override
public int save(Member member) {
return memberMapper.insert(member);
}
@Override
public List<Member> selectAll() {
return memberMapper.selectByExample(new MemberExample());
}
@Master
@Override
public String getToken(String appId) {
// 有些讀操作必須讀主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
// 比如，獲取微信access_token，因?yàn)楦叻鍟r(shí)期主從同步可能延遲
// 這種情況下就必須強(qiáng)制從主數(shù)據(jù)讀
return null;
}
}
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class CjsDatasourceDemoApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private MemberService memberService;
@Test
public void testWrite() {
Member member = new Member();
member.setName("zhangsan");
memberService.insert(member);
}
@Test
public void testRead() {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
memberService.selectAll();
}
}
@Test
public void testSave() {
Member member = new Member();
member.setName("wangwu");
memberService.save(member);
}
@Test
public void testReadFromMaster() {
memberService.getToken("1234");
}
}
6. 參考
https://www.jianshu.com/p/f2f4256a2310
http://www.cnblogs.com/gl-developer/p/6170423.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/huangjuncong/p/8576935.html
https://blog.csdn.net/liu976180578/article/details/77684583
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