如何設(shè)計(jì)組織Django模板?
在本文中，我將介紹在Django應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)中設(shè)計(jì)Django模板的方法。目的是保持Django應(yīng)用程序的UI部分井井有條，并避免重復(fù)編碼。Django在模板引擎中提供了各種機(jī)制來(lái)幫助我們實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。在本教程中，我將說(shuō)明如何使用Django內(nèi)置模板標(biāo)記塊，擴(kuò)展和包含來(lái)使模板易于維護(hù)。
準(zhǔn)備工作：
1、Python 3.6
2、Django 2.2
3、AdminLTE 3.0.5
我們目標(biāo)是將模板文件有效組織起來(lái)，避免重復(fù)的代碼引用，我們分四個(gè)步驟來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
步驟1/4：base.html
將模板分為多個(gè)部分，我們知道除了菜單和內(nèi)容外，其他所有內(nèi)容都是可重復(fù)的。我們將制作一個(gè)基本模板來(lái)容納那些常見(jiàn)的部分，如圖：
在項(xiàng)目文件夾中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)文件夾模板。在其中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)base.html。將所有常見(jiàn)的片段添加到其中。只需復(fù)制并粘貼以下內(nèi)容，僅是load.html和index.html共享的一部分代碼。
{% load static %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--
This is a starter template page. Use this page to start your new project from
scratch. This page gets rid of all links and provides the needed markup only.
-->
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>AdminLTE 3 | Starter</title>
<!-- Font Awesome Icons -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/fontawesome-free/css/all.min.css' %}">
<!-- Theme style -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'dist/css/adminlte.min.css' %}">
<!-- Google Font: Source Sans Pro -->
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,400,400i,700" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body class="hold-transition sidebar-mini">
<div class="wrapper">
<!-- Navbar -->
<nav class="main-header navbar navbar-expand navbar-white navbar-light">
<!-- Left navbar links -->
<ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" data-widget="pushmenu" href="#" role="button"><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item d-none d-sm-inline-block">
<a href="index3.html" class="nav-link">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item d-none d-sm-inline-block">
<a href="#" class="nav-link">Contact</a>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- SEARCH FORM -->
<form class="form-inline ml-3">
<div class="input-group input-group-sm">
<input class="form-control form-control-navbar" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search">
<div class="input-group-append">
<button class="btn btn-navbar" type="submit">
<i class="fas fa-search"></i>
</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
<!-- Right navbar links -->
<ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto">
<!-- Messages Dropdown Menu -->
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">
<i class="far fa-comments"></i>
<span class="badge badge-danger navbar-badge">3</span>
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-lg dropdown-menu-right">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-item">
<!-- Message Start -->
<div class="media">
<img src="{% static 'dist/img/user1-128x128.jpg' %}" alt="User Avatar" class="img-size-50 mr-3 img-circle">
<div class="media-body">
<h3 class="dropdown-item-title">
Brad Diesel
<span class="float-right text-sm text-danger"><i class="fas fa-star"></i></span>
</h3>
<p class="text-sm">Call me whenever you can...</p>
<p class="text-sm text-muted"><i class="far fa-clock mr-1"></i> 4 Hours Ago</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Message End -->
</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a href="#" class="dropdown-item">
<!-- Message Start -->
<div class="media">
<img src="{% static 'dist/img/user8-128x128.jpg' %}" alt="User Avatar" class="img-size-50 img-circle mr-3">
<div class="media-body">
<h3 class="dropdown-item-title">
John Pierce
<span class="float-right text-sm text-muted"><i class="fas fa-star"></i></span>
</h3>
<p class="text-sm">I got your message bro</p>
<p class="text-sm text-muted"><i class="far fa-clock mr-1"></i> 4 Hours Ago</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Message End -->
</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a href="#" class="dropdown-item">
<!-- Message Start -->
<div class="media">
<img src="{% static 'dist/img/user3-128x128.jpg' %}" alt="User Avatar" class="img-size-50 img-circle mr-3">
<div class="media-body">
<h3 class="dropdown-item-title">
Nora Silvester
<span class="float-right text-sm text-warning"><i class="fas fa-star"></i></span>
</h3>
<p class="text-sm">The subject goes here</p>
<p class="text-sm text-muted"><i class="far fa-clock mr-1"></i> 4 Hours Ago</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Message End -->
</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a href="#" class="dropdown-item dropdown-footer">See All Messages</a>
</div>
</li>
<!-- Notifications Dropdown Menu -->
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">
<i class="far fa-bell"></i>
<span class="badge badge-warning navbar-badge">15</span>
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-lg dropdown-menu-right">
<span class="dropdown-header">15 Notifications</span>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a href="#" class="dropdown-item">
<i class="fas fa-envelope mr-2"></i> 4 new messages
<span class="float-right text-muted text-sm">3 mins</span>
</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a href="#" class="dropdown-item">
<i class="fas fa-users mr-2"></i> 8 friend requests
<span class="float-right text-muted text-sm">12 hours</span>
</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a href="#" class="dropdown-item">
<i class="fas fa-file mr-2"></i> 3 new reports
<span class="float-right text-muted text-sm">2 days</span>
</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a href="#" class="dropdown-item dropdown-footer">See All Notifications</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" data-widget="control-sidebar" data-slide="true" href="#" role="button"><i
class="fas fa-th-large"></i></a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<!-- /.navbar -->
<!-- Main Sidebar Container -->
<aside class="main-sidebar sidebar-dark-primary elevation-4">
<!-- Brand Logo -->
<a href="{% url 'home:landing' %}" class="brand-link">
<img src="{% static 'dist/img/AdminLTELogo.png' %}" alt="AdminLTE Logo" class="brand-image img-circle elevation-3"
style="opacity: .8">
<span class="brand-text font-weight-light">AdminLTE 3</span>
</a>
<!-- Sidebar -->
<div class="sidebar">
<!-- Sidebar user panel (optional) -->
<div class="user-panel mt-3 pb-3 mb-3 d-flex">
<div class="image">
<img src="{% static 'dist/img/user2-160x160.jpg' %}" class="img-circle elevation-2" alt="User Image">
</div>
<div class="info">
<a href="#" class="d-block">Alexander Pierce</a>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Sidebar Menu -->
{% block sidebar %}{% endblock %}
<!-- /.sidebar-menu -->
</div>
<!-- /.sidebar -->
</aside>
<!-- Content Wrapper. Contains page content -->
{% block content_wrapper %}{% endblock %}
<!-- /.content-wrapper -->
<!-- Control Sidebar -->
<aside class="control-sidebar control-sidebar-dark">
<!-- Control sidebar content goes here -->
<div class="p-3">
<h5>Title</h5>
<p>Sidebar content</p>
</div>
</aside>
<!-- /.control-sidebar -->
<!-- Main Footer -->
<footer class="main-footer">
<!-- To the right -->
<div class="float-right d-none d-sm-inline">
Anything you want
</div>
<!-- Default to the left -->
<strong>Copyright © 2014-2019 <a href="https://adminlte.io">AdminLTE.io</a>.</strong> All rights reserved.
</footer>
</div>
<!-- ./wrapper -->
<!-- REQUIRED SCRIPTS -->
<!-- jQuery -->
<script src="{% static 'plugins/jquery/jquery.min.js' %}"></script>
<!-- Bootstrap 4 -->
<script src="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js' %}"></script>
<!-- AdminLTE App -->
<script src="{% static 'dist/js/adminlte.min.js' %}"></script>
</body>
</html>
請(qǐng)注意，塊content_wrapper用于呈現(xiàn)每個(gè)頁(yè)面的自定義內(nèi)容。
步驟2/4：刪除冗余的通用代碼
由于我們?cè)谏弦徊街袆?chuàng)建了base.html，因此不再需要將通用代碼保留在Landing.html和home.html中。我們應(yīng)該得到如下結(jié)果。
<div class="content-wrapper">
<!-- Content Header (Page header) -->
<div class="content-header">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row mb-2">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<h1 class="m-0 text-dark">Polls Index Page</h1>
</div><!-- /.col -->
<div class="col-sm-6">
<ol class="breadcrumb float-sm-right">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item active">Polls</li>
</ol>
</div><!-- /.col -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</div>
<!-- /.content-header -->
<!-- Main content -->
<div class="content">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's
content.
</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-primary card-outline">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's
content.
</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /.card -->
<!-- general form elements disabled -->
<div class="card card-primary card-outline">
<div class="card-header">
<h3 class="card-title">General Elements</h3>
</div>
<!-- /.card-header -->
<div class="card-body">
<form role="form">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- text input -->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Text</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Text Disabled</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter ..." disabled>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- textarea -->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Textarea</label>
<textarea class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Enter ..."></textarea>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Textarea Disabled</label>
<textarea class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Enter ..." disabled></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- input states -->
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-form-label" for="inputSuccess"><i class="fas fa-check"></i> Input with
success</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="inputSuccess" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-form-label" for="inputWarning"><i class="far fa-bell"></i> Input with
warning</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-warning" id="inputWarning" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-form-label" for="inputError"><i class="far fa-times-circle"></i> Input with
error</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="inputError" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- checkbox -->
<div class="form-group">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox">
<label class="form-check-label">Checkbox</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" checked>
<label class="form-check-label">Checkbox checked</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label">Checkbox disabled</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- radio -->
<div class="form-group">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="radio1">
<label class="form-check-label">Radio</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="radio1" checked>
<label class="form-check-label">Radio checked</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label">Radio disabled</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- select -->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select</label>
<select class="form-control">
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select Disabled</label>
<select class="form-control" disabled>
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- Select multiple-->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select Multiple</label>
<select multiple class="form-control">
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select Multiple Disabled</label>
<select multiple class="form-control" disabled>
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<!-- /.card-body -->
</div>
<!-- /.card -->
</div>
<!-- /.col-md-6 -->
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">
<h5 class="m-0">Featured</h5>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h6 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h6>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-primary card-outline">
<div class="card-header">
<h5 class="m-0">Featured</h5>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h6 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h6>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /.col-md-6 -->
</div>
<!-- /.row -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</div>
<!-- /.content -->
</div>
landing.html頁(yè)面代碼：
<div class="content-wrapper">
<!-- Content Header (Page header) -->
<div class="content-header">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row mb-2">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<h1 class="m-0 text-dark">Home Landing Page</h1>
</div><!-- /.col -->
<div class="col-sm-6">
<ol class="breadcrumb float-sm-right">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Landing Page</a></li>
</ol>
</div><!-- /.col -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</div>
<!-- /.content-header -->
<!-- Main content -->
<div class="content">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's
content.
</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-primary card-outline">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's
content.
</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /.card -->
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<!-- general form elements disabled -->
<div class="card card-warning">
<div class="card-header">
<h3 class="card-title">General Elements</h3>
</div>
<!-- /.card-header -->
<div class="card-body">
<form role="form">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- text input -->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Text</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Text Disabled</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter ..." disabled>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- textarea -->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Textarea</label>
<textarea class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Enter ..."></textarea>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Textarea Disabled</label>
<textarea class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Enter ..." disabled></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- input states -->
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-form-label" for="inputSuccess"><i class="fas fa-check"></i> Input with
success</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="inputSuccess" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-form-label" for="inputWarning"><i class="far fa-bell"></i> Input with
warning</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-warning" id="inputWarning" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-form-label" for="inputError"><i class="far fa-times-circle"></i> Input with
error</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="inputError" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- checkbox -->
<div class="form-group">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox">
<label class="form-check-label">Checkbox</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" checked>
<label class="form-check-label">Checkbox checked</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label">Checkbox disabled</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- radio -->
<div class="form-group">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="radio1">
<label class="form-check-label">Radio</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="radio1" checked>
<label class="form-check-label">Radio checked</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label">Radio disabled</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- select -->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select</label>
<select class="form-control">
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select Disabled</label>
<select class="form-control" disabled>
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- Select multiple-->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select Multiple</label>
<select multiple class="form-control">
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select Multiple Disabled</label>
<select multiple class="form-control" disabled>
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<!-- /.card-body -->
</div>
<!-- /.card -->
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</div>
<!-- /.content -->
</div>
步驟3/4：繼承base.html
為了將base.html用作每個(gè)頁(yè)面的基礎(chǔ)模板，我們需要通過(guò)在模板的開(kāi)頭使用{％extended‘base.html’％}來(lái)聲明base.html為“父”模板。最重要的是，不要忘記content_wrapper塊。將全部?jī)?nèi)容包裝到該塊中。我們應(yīng)該得到如下結(jié)果。
landing.html:
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block content_wrapper %}
<div class="content-wrapper">
. . .
</div>
{% endblock %}
在index.html:
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block content_wrapper %}
<div class="content-wrapper">
. . .
</div>
{% endblock %}
步驟4/4：將常見(jiàn)的內(nèi)容單獨(dú)存放
現(xiàn)在我們可能會(huì)意識(shí)到，兩個(gè)模板中都存在相同的巨型形式。幾乎一半的代碼是它。由于此表單已在兩個(gè)模板中重復(fù)使用，因此我們將其維護(hù)在一個(gè)可以包含任何模板的地方。
在模板文件夾中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)文件夾advanced_forms。在advanced_forms文件夾中，創(chuàng)建如下的general_elements_form.html，代碼如下：
<form role="form">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- text input -->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Text</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Text Disabled</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter ..." disabled>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- textarea -->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Textarea</label>
<textarea class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Enter ..."></textarea>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Textarea Disabled</label>
<textarea class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Enter ..." disabled></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- input states -->
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-form-label" for="inputSuccess"><i class="fas fa-check"></i> Input with
success</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-valid" id="inputSuccess" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-form-label" for="inputWarning"><i class="far fa-bell"></i> Input with
warning</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-warning" id="inputWarning" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="col-form-label" for="inputError"><i class="far fa-times-circle"></i> Input with
error</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="inputError" placeholder="Enter ...">
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- checkbox -->
<div class="form-group">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox">
<label class="form-check-label">Checkbox</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" checked>
<label class="form-check-label">Checkbox checked</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label">Checkbox disabled</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- radio -->
<div class="form-group">
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="radio1">
<label class="form-check-label">Radio</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="radio1" checked>
<label class="form-check-label">Radio checked</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" disabled>
<label class="form-check-label">Radio disabled</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- select -->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select</label>
<select class="form-control">
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select Disabled</label>
<select class="form-control" disabled>
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<!-- Select multiple-->
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select Multiple</label>
<select multiple class="form-control">
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Select Multiple Disabled</label>
<select multiple class="form-control" disabled>
<option>option 1</option>
<option>option 2</option>
<option>option 3</option>
<option>option 4</option>
<option>option 5</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
刪除Landing.html和index.html中的多余表單代碼。使用{％ include ‘a(chǎn)dvanced_forms/general_elements_form.html’ ％}包含表單。設(shè)置好之后，這就是最終結(jié)果。
index.html:
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block content_wrapper %}
<div class="content-wrapper">
<!-- Content Header (Page header) -->
<div class="content-header">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row mb-2">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<h1 class="m-0 text-dark">Polls Index Page</h1>
</div><!-- /.col -->
<div class="col-sm-6">
<ol class="breadcrumb float-sm-right">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item active">Polls</li>
</ol>
</div><!-- /.col -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</div>
<!-- /.content-header -->
<!-- Main content -->
<div class="content">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's
content.
</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-primary card-outline">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's
content.
</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /.card -->
<!-- general form elements disabled -->
<div class="card card-primary card-outline">
<div class="card-header">
<h3 class="card-title">General Elements</h3>
</div>
<!-- /.card-header -->
<div class="card-body">
{% include 'advanced_forms/general_elements_form.html' %}
</div>
<!-- /.card-body -->
</div>
<!-- /.card -->
</div>
<!-- /.col-md-6 -->
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">
<h5 class="m-0">Featured</h5>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h6 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h6>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-primary card-outline">
<div class="card-header">
<h5 class="m-0">Featured</h5>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h6 class="card-title">Special title treatment</h6>
<p class="card-text">With supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">Go somewhere</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /.col-md-6 -->
</div>
<!-- /.row -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</div>
<!-- /.content -->
</div>
{% endblock %}
loading.html:
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block content_wrapper %}
<div class="content-wrapper">
<!-- Content Header (Page header) -->
<div class="content-header">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row mb-2">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<h1 class="m-0 text-dark">Home Landing Page</h1>
</div><!-- /.col -->
<div class="col-sm-6">
<ol class="breadcrumb float-sm-right">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="#">Landing Page</a></li>
</ol>
</div><!-- /.col -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</div>
<!-- /.content-header -->
<!-- Main content -->
<div class="content">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's
content.
</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card card-primary card-outline">
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Card title</h5>
<p class="card-text">
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's
content.
</p>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Card link</a>
<a href="#" class="card-link">Another link</a>
</div>
</div><!-- /.card -->
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<!-- general form elements disabled -->
<div class="card card-warning">
<div class="card-header">
<h3 class="card-title">General Elements</h3>
</div>
<!-- /.card-header -->
<div class="card-body">
{% include 'advanced_forms/general_elements_form.html' %}
</div>
<!-- /.card-body -->
</div>
<!-- /.card -->
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</div>
<!-- /.content -->
</div>
{% endblock %}
現(xiàn)在，讓我們?cè)俅沃匦聠?dòng)項(xiàng)目。屏幕上沒(méi)有任何變化。但是從整體結(jié)構(gòu)上，項(xiàng)目變得更易于維護(hù)。努力將是值得的（笑臉） 這是我們完成增強(qiáng)后的文件架構(gòu)的目錄結(jié)構(gòu)。我用黃色突出顯示了模板。
寫(xiě)在最后，模板是Web應(yīng)用程序中的核心部分之一。不要寫(xiě)重復(fù)代碼，我認(rèn)為該原則適用于前端和后端開(kāi)發(fā)，這樣我們才可以制作出可伸縮的應(yīng)用程序。
文章轉(zhuǎn)載：Python運(yùn)維技術(shù)
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