MongoDB vs MySQL,哪個效率更高?
一、MongoDB批量操作
BulkWriteResult??com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection.bulkWrite(List?extends?WriteModel?extends?Document>>?requests)
1、插入操作
public?void?bulkWriteInsert(List?documents){
?List>?requests?=?new?ArrayList>();
?for?(Document?document?:?documents)?{
??//構造插入單個文檔的操作模型
??InsertOneModel??iom?=?new?InsertOneModel(document);
??requests.add(iom);
?}
?BulkWriteResult??bulkWriteResult?=?collection.bulkWrite(requests);
?System.out.println(bulkWriteResult.toString());
}
TestMongoDB?instance?=?TestMongoDB.getInstance();
ArrayList?documents?=?new?ArrayList();
for?(int?i?=?0;?i?100000;?i++)?{
?Product?product?=?new?Product(i,"書籍","追風箏的人",22.5);
?//將java對象轉換成json字符串
?String?jsonProduct?=?JsonParseUtil.getJsonString4JavaPOJO(product);
?//將json字符串解析成Document對象
?Document?docProduct?=?Document.parse(jsonProduct);
?documents.add(docProduct);
}
System.out.println("開始插入數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?startInsert?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
instance.bulkWriteInsert(documents);
System.out.println("插入數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?startInsert)+"毫秒");

(2)、逐條插入
下面再通過非批量插入10萬個數(shù)據(jù)對比下,方法如下:
?public?void?insertOneByOne(List?documents)?throws?ParseException{
??for?(Document?document?:?documents){
???collection.insertOne(document);
??}
?}
測試:10萬條數(shù)據(jù)
System.out.println("開始插入數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?startInsert?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
instance.insertOneByOne(documents);
System.out.println("插入數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?startInsert)+"毫秒");
結果:12068毫秒,差距非常大。由此可見,MongoDB批量插入比逐條數(shù)據(jù)插入效率提高了非常多。

補充:
MongoCollection的insertMany()方法和bulkWrite()方法是等價的,測試時間差不多,不再貼圖。
?public?void?insertMany(List?documents)?throws?ParseException{
??//和bulkWrite()方法等價
??collection.insertMany(documents);
?}
2、刪除操作
_id字段,該字段在文檔插入數(shù)據(jù)庫后自動生成,沒插入數(shù)據(jù)庫前document.get("_id")為null,如果使用其他條件比如productId,那么要在文檔插入到collection后在productId字段上添加索引collection.createIndex(new?Document("productId",?1));
因為隨著collection數(shù)據(jù)量的增大,查找將越耗時,添加索引是為了提高查找效率,進而加快刪除效率。另外,值得一提的是DeleteOneModel表示至多刪除一條匹配條件的記錄,DeleteManyModel表示刪除匹配條件的所有記錄。為了防止一次刪除多條記錄,這里使用DeleteOneModel,保證一個操作只刪除一條記錄。當然這里不可能匹配多條記錄,因為_id是唯一的。搜索公眾號互聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構師后臺回復“2T”,獲取一份驚喜禮包。
public?void?bulkWriteDelete(List?documents){
?List>?requests?=?new?ArrayList>();
?for?(Document?document?:?documents)?{
??//刪除條件
??Document?queryDocument?=?new?Document("_id",document.get("_id"));
??//構造刪除單個文檔的操作模型,
??DeleteOneModel??dom?=?new?DeleteOneModel(queryDocument);
??requests.add(dom);
?}
?BulkWriteResult?bulkWriteResult?=?collection.bulkWrite(requests);
?System.out.println(bulkWriteResult.toString());
}
System.out.println("開始刪除數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?startDelete?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
instance.bulkWriteDelete(documents);
System.out.println("刪除數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?startDelete)+"毫秒");

(2)、逐條刪
來看看在非批量下的刪除
?public?void?deleteOneByOne(List?documents){
??for?(Document?document?:?documents)?{
???Document?queryDocument?=?new?Document("_id",document.get("_id"));
???DeleteResult?deleteResult?=?collection.deleteOne(queryDocument);
??}
?}
System.out.println("開始刪除數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?startDelete?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
instance.deleteOneByOne(documents);
System.out.println("刪除數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?startDelete)+"毫秒");

3、更新操作
(1)、批量更新
?public?void?bulkWriteUpdate(List?documents){
??List>?requests?=?new?ArrayList>();
??for?(Document?document?:?documents)?{
???//更新條件
???Document?queryDocument?=?new?Document("_id",document.get("_id"));
???//更新內(nèi)容,改下書的價格
???Document?updateDocument?=?new?Document("$set",new?Document("price","30.6"));
???//構造更新單個文檔的操作模型
???UpdateOneModel?uom?=?new?UpdateOneModel(queryDocument,updateDocument,new?UpdateOptions().upsert(false));
???//UpdateOptions代表批量更新操作未匹配到查詢條件時的動作,默認false,什么都不干,true時表示將一個新的Document插入數(shù)據(jù)庫,他是查詢部分和更新部分的結合
???requests.add(uom);
??}
??BulkWriteResult?bulkWriteResult?=?collection.bulkWrite(requests);
??System.out.println(bulkWriteResult.toString());
?}
System.out.println("開始更新數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?startUpdate?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
instance.bulkWriteUpdate(documents);
System.out.println("更新數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?startUpdate)+"毫秒");

(2)、逐條更新
對比非批量下的更新
?public?void?updateOneByOne(List?documents){
??for?(Document?document?:?documents)?{
???Document?queryDocument?=?new?Document("_id",document.get("_id"));
???Document?updateDocument?=?new?Document("$set",new?Document("price","30.6"));
???UpdateResult?UpdateResult?=?collection.updateOne(queryDocument,?updateDocument);
??}
?}
System.out.println("開始更新數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?startUpdate?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
instance.updateOneByOne(documents);
System.out.println("更新數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?startUpdate)+"毫秒");

4、混合批量操作
?public?void?bulkWriteMix(){
??List>?requests?=?new?ArrayList>();
???InsertOneModel??iom?=?new?InsertOneModel(new?Document("name","kobe"));
???UpdateManyModel?umm?=?new?UpdateManyModel(new?Document("name","kobe"),
?????new?Document("$set",new?Document("name","James")),new?UpdateOptions().upsert(true));
???DeleteManyModel??dmm?=?new?DeleteManyModel(new?Document("name","James"));
???requests.add(iom);
???requests.add(umm);
???requests.add(dmm);
???BulkWriteResult?bulkWriteResult?=?collection.bulkWrite(requests);
???System.out.println(bulkWriteResult.toString());
?}

注意:updateMany()、deleteMany()兩個方法和insertMany()不同,它倆不是批量操作,而是代表更新(刪除)匹配條件的所有數(shù)據(jù)。
二、與MySQL性能對比
1、插入操作
與MongoDB一樣,也是插入Product實體對象,代碼如下
?public?void?insertBatch(ArrayList?list)?throws?Exception{
??Connection?conn?=?DBUtil.getConnection();
??try?{
???PreparedStatement?pst?=?conn.prepareStatement("insert?into?t_product?value(?,?,?,?)");
???int?count?=?1;
???for?(Product?product?:?list)?{
????pst.setInt(1,?product.getProductId());
????pst.setString(2,?product.getCategory());
????pst.setString(3,?product.getName());
????pst.setDouble(4,?product.getPrice());
????pst.addBatch();
????if(count?%?1000?==?0){
?????pst.executeBatch();
?????pst.clearBatch();//每1000條sql批處理一次,然后置空PreparedStatement中的參數(shù),這樣也能提高效率,防止參數(shù)積累過多事務超時,但實際測試效果不明顯
????}
????count++;
???}
???conn.commit();
??}?catch?(SQLException?e)?{
???e.printStackTrace();
??}
??DBUtil.closeConnection(conn);
?}
connection.setAutoCommit(false);
public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?throws?Exception?{
????????????TestMysql?test?=?new?TestMysql();
????????????ArrayList?list?=?new?ArrayList();
????????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?1000;?i++)?{
????????????????Product?product?=?new?Product(i,?"書籍",?"追風箏的人",?20.5);
????????????????list.add(product);
????????????}
????????????System.out.println("MYSQL開始插入數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
????????????long?insertStart?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
????????????test.insertBatch(list);
????????????System.out.println("MYSQL插入數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?insertStart)+"毫秒");
}

再來看看mysql逐條插入,代碼如下:
?public?void?insertOneByOne(ArrayList?list)?throws?Exception{
??Connection?conn?=?DBUtil.getConnection();
??try?{
???for?(Product?product?:?list)?{
????PreparedStatement?pst?=?conn.prepareStatement("insert?into?t_product?value(?,?,?,?)");
????pst.setInt(1,?product.getProductId());
????pst.setString(2,?product.getCategory());
????pst.setString(3,?product.getName());
????pst.setDouble(4,?product.getPrice());
????pst.executeUpdate();
????//conn.commit();//加上這句每次插入都提交事務,結果將是非常耗時
???}
???conn.commit();
??}?catch?(SQLException?e)?{
???e.printStackTrace();
??}
??DBUtil.closeConnection(conn);
?}
System.out.println("MYSQL開始插入數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?insertStart?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
test.insertOneByOne(list);
System.out.println("MYSQL插入數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?insertStart)+"毫秒");
2、刪除操作
?public?void?deleteBatch(ArrayList?list)?throws?Exception{
??Connection?conn?=?DBUtil.getConnection();
??try?{
???PreparedStatement?pst?=?conn.prepareStatement("delete?from?t_product?where?id?=??");//按主鍵查,否則全表遍歷很慢
???int?count?=?1;
???for?(Product?product?:?list)?{
????pst.setInt(1,?product.getProductId());
????pst.addBatch();
????if(count?%?1000?==?0){
?????pst.executeBatch();
?????pst.clearBatch();
????}
????count++;
???}
???conn.commit();
??}?catch?(SQLException?e)?{
???e.printStackTrace();
??}
??DBUtil.closeConnection(conn);
?}
System.out.println("MYSQL開始刪除數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?deleteStart?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
test.deleteBatch(list);
System.out.println("MYSQL刪除數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?deleteStart)+"毫秒");
?public?void?deleteOneByOne(ArrayList?list)?throws?Exception{
??Connection?conn?=?DBUtil.getConnection();
??PreparedStatement?pst?=?null;
??try?{
???for?(Product?product?:?list)?{
????pst?=?conn.prepareStatement("delete?from?t_product?where?id?=??");
????pst.setInt(1,?product.getProductId());
????pst.executeUpdate();
????//conn.commit();//加上這句每次插入都提交事務,結果將是非常耗時
???}
???conn.commit();
??}?catch?(SQLException?e)?{
???e.printStackTrace();
??}
??DBUtil.closeConnection(conn);
?}
System.out.println("MYSQL開始刪除數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?deleteStart?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
test.deleteOneByOne(list);
System.out.println("MYSQL刪除數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?deleteStart)+"毫秒");
3、更新操作
?public?void?updateBatch(ArrayList?list)?throws?Exception{
??Connection?conn?=?DBUtil.getConnection();
??try?{
???PreparedStatement?pst?=?conn.prepareStatement("update?t_product?set?price=31.5?where?id=?");
???int?count?=?1;
???for?(Product?product?:?list)?{
????pst.setInt(1,?product.getProductId());
????pst.addBatch();
????if(count?%?1000?==?0){
?????pst.executeBatch();
?????pst.clearBatch();//每1000條sql批處理一次,然后置空PreparedStatement中的參數(shù),這樣也能提高效率,防止參數(shù)積累過多事務超時,但實際測試效果不明顯
????}
????count++;
???}
???conn.commit();
??}?catch?(SQLException?e)?{
???e.printStackTrace();
??}
??DBUtil.closeConnection(conn);
?}
System.out.println("MYSQL開始更新數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?updateStart?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
test.updateBatch(list);
System.out.println("MYSQL更新數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?updateStart)+"毫秒");
public?void?updateOneByOne(ArrayList?list)?throws?Exception{
??Connection?conn?=?DBUtil.getConnection();
??try?{
???for?(Product?product?:?list)?{
????PreparedStatement?pst?=?conn.prepareStatement("update?t_product?set?price=30.5?where?id=?");
????pst.setInt(1,?product.getProductId());
????pst.executeUpdate();
????//conn.commit();//加上這句每次插入都提交事務,結果將是非常耗時
???}
???conn.commit();
??}?catch?(SQLException?e)?{
???e.printStackTrace();
??}
??DBUtil.closeConnection(conn);
?}
System.out.println("MYSQL開始更新數(shù)據(jù)。。。");
long?updateStart?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
test.updateOneByOne(list);
System.out.println("MYSQL更新數(shù)據(jù)完成,共耗時:"+(System.currentTimeMillis()?-?updateStart)+"毫秒");
三、總結
原文鏈接:https://blog.csdn.net/u014513883/article/details/49365987
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