Spring-Retry重試實(shí)現(xiàn)原理
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本文來源:http://r6d.cn/LJJN
概要
Spring實(shí)現(xiàn)了一套重試機(jī)制,功能簡單實(shí)用。Spring Retry是從Spring Batch獨(dú)立出來的一個功能,已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于Spring Batch,Spring Integration, Spring for Apache Hadoop等Spring項(xiàng)目。本文將講述如何使用Spring Retry及其實(shí)現(xiàn)原理。
背景
重試,其實(shí)我們其實(shí)很多時候都需要的,為了保證容錯性,可用性,一致性等。一般用來應(yīng)對外部系統(tǒng)的一些不可預(yù)料的返回、異常等,特別是網(wǎng)絡(luò)延遲,中斷等情況。還有在現(xiàn)在流行的微服務(wù)治理框架中,通常都有自己的重試與超時配置,比如dubbo可以設(shè)置retries=1,timeout=500調(diào)用失敗只重試1次,超過500ms調(diào)用仍未返回則調(diào)用失敗。
如果我們要做重試,要為特定的某個操作做重試功能,則要硬編碼,大概邏輯基本都是寫個循環(huán),根據(jù)返回或異常,計數(shù)失敗次數(shù),然后設(shè)定退出條件。這樣做,且不說每個操作都要寫這種類似的代碼,而且重試邏輯和業(yè)務(wù)邏輯混在一起,給維護(hù)和擴(kuò)展帶來了麻煩。從面向?qū)ο蟮慕嵌葋砜矗覀儜?yīng)該把重試的代碼獨(dú)立出來。
使用介紹
基本使用
先舉個例子:
@Configuration??
@EnableRetry??
public?class?Application?{??
??
????@Bean??
????public?RetryService?retryService(){??
????????return?new?RetryService();??
????}??
??
????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?throws?Exception{??
????????ApplicationContext?applicationContext?=?new?AnnotationConfigApplicationContext("springretry");??
????????RetryService?service1?=?applicationContext.getBean("service",?RetryService.class);??
????????service1.service();??
????}??
}??
??
@Service("service")??
public?class?RetryService?{??
??
????@Retryable(value?=?IllegalAccessException.class,?maxAttempts?=?5,??
????????????backoff=?@Backoff(value?=?1500,?maxDelay?=?100000,?multiplier?=?1.2))??
????public?void?service()?throws?IllegalAccessException?{??
????????System.out.println("service?method...");??
????????throw?new?IllegalAccessException("manual?exception");??
????}??
??
????@Recover??
????public?void?recover(IllegalAccessException?e){??
????????System.out.println("service?retry?after?Recover?=>?"?+?e.getMessage());??
????}??
??
}??
@EnableRetry - 表示開啟重試機(jī)制 @Retryable - 表示這個方法需要重試,它有很豐富的參數(shù),可以滿足你對重試的需求 @Backoff - 表示重試中的退避策略 @Recover - 兜底方法,即多次重試后還是失敗就會執(zhí)行這個方法
Spring-Retry 的功能豐富在于其重試策略和退避策略,還有兜底,監(jiān)聽器等操作。
然后每個注解里面的參數(shù),都是很簡單的,大家看一下就知道是什么意思,怎么用了,我就不多講了。
重試策略
看一下Spring Retry自帶的一些重試策略,主要是用來判斷當(dāng)方法調(diào)用異常時是否需要重試。(下文原理部分會深入分析實(shí)現(xiàn))

SimpleRetryPolicy 默認(rèn)最多重試3次
TimeoutRetryPolicy 默認(rèn)在1秒內(nèi)失敗都會重試
ExpressionRetryPolicy 符合表達(dá)式就會重試
CircuitBreakerRetryPolicy 增加了熔斷的機(jī)制,如果不在熔斷狀態(tài),則允許重試
CompositeRetryPolicy 可以組合多個重試策略
NeverRetryPolicy 從不重試(也是一種重試策略哈)
AlwaysRetryPolicy 總是重試
….等等
退避策略
看一下退避策略,退避是指怎么去做下一次的重試,在這里其實(shí)就是等待多長時間。(下文原理部分會深入分析實(shí)現(xiàn))

FixedBackOffPolicy 默認(rèn)固定延遲1秒后執(zhí)行下一次重試
ExponentialBackOffPolicy 指數(shù)遞增延遲執(zhí)行重試,默認(rèn)初始0.1秒,系數(shù)是2,那么下次延遲0.2秒,再下次就是延遲0.4秒,如此類推,最大30秒。
ExponentialRandomBackOffPolicy 在上面那個策略上增加隨機(jī)性
UniformRandomBackOffPolicy 這個跟上面的區(qū)別就是,上面的延遲會不停遞增,這個只會在固定的區(qū)間隨機(jī)
StatelessBackOffPolicy 這個說明是無狀態(tài)的,所謂無狀態(tài)就是對上次的退避無感知,從它下面的子類也能看出來
原理
原理部分我想分開兩部分來講,一是重試機(jī)制的切入點(diǎn),即它是如何使得你的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)重試功能的;二是重試機(jī)制的詳細(xì),包括重試的邏輯以及重試策略和退避策略的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
切入點(diǎn)
@EnableRetry
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)??
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)??
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass?=?false)??
@Import(RetryConfiguration.class)??
@Documented??
public?@interface?EnableRetry?{??
??
?/**??
??*?Indicate?whether?subclass-based?(CGLIB)?proxies?are?to?be?created?as?opposed??
??*?to?standard?Java?interface-based?proxies.?The?default?is?{@code?false}.??
??*??
??*?@return?whether?to?proxy?or?not?to?proxy?the?class??
??*/??
?boolean?proxyTargetClass()?default?false;??
??
}??
我們可以看到@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass = false)這個并不陌生,就是打開Spring AOP功能。重點(diǎn)看看@Import(RetryConfiguration.class)@Import相當(dāng)于注冊這個Bean
我們看看這個RetryConfiguration是個什么東西

它是一個AbstractPointcutAdvisor,它有一個pointcut和一個advice。我們知道,在IOC過程中會根據(jù)PointcutAdvisor類來對Bean進(jìn)行Pointcut的過濾,然后生成對應(yīng)的AOP代理類,用advice來加強(qiáng)處理。看看RetryConfiguration的初始化:
@PostConstruct??
?public?void?init()?{??
??Set>?retryableAnnotationTypes?=?new?LinkedHashSet>(1);??
??retryableAnnotationTypes.add(Retryable.class);??
????????//創(chuàng)建pointcut??
??this.pointcut?=?buildPointcut(retryableAnnotationTypes);??
????????//創(chuàng)建advice??
??this.advice?=?buildAdvice();??
??if?(this.advice?instanceof?BeanFactoryAware)?{??
???((BeanFactoryAware)?this.advice).setBeanFactory(beanFactory);??
??}??
?}??
~
protected?Pointcut?buildPointcut(Set>?retryAnnotationTypes) ?{??
??ComposablePointcut?result?=?null;??
??for?(Class?extends?Annotation>?retryAnnotationType?:?retryAnnotationTypes)?{??
???Pointcut?filter?=?new?AnnotationClassOrMethodPointcut(retryAnnotationType);??
???if?(result?==?null)?{??
????result?=?new?ComposablePointcut(filter);??
???}??
???else?{??
????result.union(filter);??
???}??
??}??
??return?result;??
?}??
上面代碼用到了AnnotationClassOrMethodPointcut,其實(shí)它最終還是用到了AnnotationMethodMatcher來根據(jù)注解進(jìn)行切入點(diǎn)的過濾。這里就是@Retryable注解了。
//創(chuàng)建advice對象,即攔截器??
???protected?Advice?buildAdvice()?{??
????//下面關(guān)注這個對象??
?AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor?interceptor?=?new?AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor();??
?if?(retryContextCache?!=?null)?{??
??interceptor.setRetryContextCache(retryContextCache);??
?}??
?if?(retryListeners?!=?null)?{??
??interceptor.setListeners(retryListeners);??
?}??
?if?(methodArgumentsKeyGenerator?!=?null)?{??
??interceptor.setKeyGenerator(methodArgumentsKeyGenerator);??
?}??
?if?(newMethodArgumentsIdentifier?!=?null)?{??
??interceptor.setNewItemIdentifier(newMethodArgumentsIdentifier);??
?}??
?if?(sleeper?!=?null)?{??
??interceptor.setSleeper(sleeper);??
?}??
?return?interceptor;??
}??
AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor

可以看出AnnotationAwareRetryOperationsInterceptor是一個MethodInterceptor,在創(chuàng)建AOP代理過程中如果目標(biāo)方法符合pointcut的規(guī)則,它就會加到interceptor列表中,然后做增強(qiáng),我們看看invoke方法做了什么增強(qiáng)。
@Override??
?public?Object?invoke(MethodInvocation?invocation)?throws?Throwable?{??
??MethodInterceptor?delegate?=?getDelegate(invocation.getThis(),?invocation.getMethod());??
??if?(delegate?!=?null)?{??
???return?delegate.invoke(invocation);??
??}??
??else?{??
???return?invocation.proceed();??
??}??
?}??
這里用到了委托,主要是需要根據(jù)配置委托給具體“有狀態(tài)”的interceptor還是“無狀態(tài)”的interceptor。
private?MethodInterceptor?getDelegate(Object?target,?Method?method)?{??
??if?(!this.delegates.containsKey(target)?||?!this.delegates.get(target).containsKey(method))?{??
???synchronized?(this.delegates)?{??
????if?(!this.delegates.containsKey(target))?{??
?????this.delegates.put(target,?new?HashMap());??
????}??
????Map?delegatesForTarget?=?this.delegates.get(target);??
????if?(!delegatesForTarget.containsKey(method))?{??
?????Retryable?retryable?=?AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method,?Retryable.class);??
?????if?(retryable?==?null)?{??
??????retryable?=?AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method.getDeclaringClass(),?Retryable.class);??
?????}??
?????if?(retryable?==?null)?{??
??????retryable?=?findAnnotationOnTarget(target,?method);??
?????}??
?????if?(retryable?==?null)?{??
??????return?delegatesForTarget.put(method,?null);??
?????}??
?????MethodInterceptor?delegate;??
?????//支持自定義MethodInterceptor,而且優(yōu)先級最高??
?????if?(StringUtils.hasText(retryable.interceptor()))?{??
??????delegate?=?this.beanFactory.getBean(retryable.interceptor(),?MethodInterceptor.class);??
?????}??
?????else?if?(retryable.stateful())?{??
?????????????????????//得到“有狀態(tài)”的interceptor??
??????delegate?=?getStatefulInterceptor(target,?method,?retryable);??
?????}??
?????else?{??
?????????????????????//得到“無狀態(tài)”的interceptor??
??????delegate?=?getStatelessInterceptor(target,?method,?retryable);??
?????}??
?????delegatesForTarget.put(method,?delegate);??
????}??
???}??
??}??
??return?this.delegates.get(target).get(method);??
?}??
getStatefulInterceptor和getStatelessInterceptor都是差不多,我們先看看比較簡單的getStatelessInterceptor。
private?MethodInterceptor?getStatelessInterceptor(Object?target,?Method?method,?Retryable?retryable)?{??
??//生成一個RetryTemplate??
??RetryTemplate?template?=?createTemplate(retryable.listeners());??
??//生成retryPolicy??
??template.setRetryPolicy(getRetryPolicy(retryable));??
??//生成backoffPolicy??
??template.setBackOffPolicy(getBackoffPolicy(retryable.backoff()));??
??return?RetryInterceptorBuilder.stateless()??
????.retryOperations(template)??
????.label(retryable.label())??
????.recoverer(getRecoverer(target,?method))??
????.build();??
?}??
具體生成retryPolicy和backoffPolicy的規(guī)則,我們等下再回頭來看。RetryInterceptorBuilder其實(shí)就是為了生成RetryOperationsInterceptor。RetryOperationsInterceptor也是一個MethodInterceptor,我們來看看它的invoke方法。
public?Object?invoke(final?MethodInvocation?invocation)?throws?Throwable?{??
??
??String?name;??
??if?(StringUtils.hasText(label))?{??
???name?=?label;??
??}?else?{??
???name?=?invocation.getMethod().toGenericString();??
??}??
??final?String?label?=?name;??
??
??//定義了一個RetryCallback,其實(shí)看它的doWithRetry方法,調(diào)用了invocation的proceed()方法,是不是有點(diǎn)眼熟,這就是AOP的攔截鏈調(diào)用,如果沒有攔截鏈,那就是對原來方法的調(diào)用。??
??RetryCallback無論是RetryOperationsInterceptor還是StatefulRetryOperationsInterceptor,最終的攔截處理邏輯還是調(diào)用到RetryTemplate的execute方法,從名字也看出來,RetryTemplate作為一個模板類,里面包含了重試統(tǒng)一邏輯。不過,我看這個RetryTemplate并不是很“模板”,因?yàn)樗鼪]有很多可以擴(kuò)展的地方。
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重試邏輯及策略實(shí)現(xiàn)
上面介紹了Spring Retry利用了AOP代理使重試機(jī)制對業(yè)務(wù)代碼進(jìn)行“入侵”。下面我們繼續(xù)看看重試的邏輯做了什么。RetryTemplate的doExecute方法。
protected??T?doExecute(RetryCallback?retryCallback,??
???RecoveryCallback?recoveryCallback,?RetryState?state) ??
???throws?E,?ExhaustedRetryException?{??
??
??RetryPolicy?retryPolicy?=?this.retryPolicy;??
??BackOffPolicy?backOffPolicy?=?this.backOffPolicy;??
??
??//新建一個RetryContext來保存本輪重試的上下文??
??RetryContext?context?=?open(retryPolicy,?state);??
??if?(this.logger.isTraceEnabled())?{??
???this.logger.trace("RetryContext?retrieved:?"?+?context);??
??}??
??
??//?Make?sure?the?context?is?available?globally?for?clients?who?need??
??//?it...??
??RetrySynchronizationManager.register(context);??
??
??Throwable?lastException?=?null;??
??
??boolean?exhausted?=?false;??
??try?{??
??
???//如果有注冊RetryListener,則會調(diào)用它的open方法,給調(diào)用者一個通知。??
???boolean?running?=?doOpenInterceptors(retryCallback,?context);??
??
???if?(!running)?{??
????throw?new?TerminatedRetryException(??
??????"Retry?terminated?abnormally?by?interceptor?before?first?attempt");??
???}??
??
???//?Get?or?Start?the?backoff?context...??
???BackOffContext?backOffContext?=?null;??
???Object?resource?=?context.getAttribute("backOffContext");??
??
???if?(resource?instanceof?BackOffContext)?{??
????backOffContext?=?(BackOffContext)?resource;??
???}??
??
???if?(backOffContext?==?null)?{??
????backOffContext?=?backOffPolicy.start(context);??
????if?(backOffContext?!=?null)?{??
?????context.setAttribute("backOffContext",?backOffContext);??
????}??
???}??
??
???//判斷能否重試,就是調(diào)用RetryPolicy的canRetry方法來判斷。??
???//這個循環(huán)會直到原方法不拋出異常,或不需要再重試??
???while?(canRetry(retryPolicy,?context)?&&?!context.isExhaustedOnly())?{??
??
????try?{??
?????if?(this.logger.isDebugEnabled())?{??
??????this.logger.debug("Retry:?count="?+?context.getRetryCount());??
?????}??
?????//清除上次記錄的異常??
?????lastException?=?null;??
?????//doWithRetry方法,一般來說就是原方法??
?????return?retryCallback.doWithRetry(context);??
????}??
????catch?(Throwable?e)?{??
?????//原方法拋出了異常??
?????lastException?=?e;??
??
?????try?{??
??????//記錄異常信息??
??????registerThrowable(retryPolicy,?state,?context,?e);??
?????}??
?????catch?(Exception?ex)?{??
??????throw?new?TerminatedRetryException("Could?not?register?throwable",??
????????ex);??
?????}??
?????finally?{??
??????//調(diào)用RetryListener的onError方法??
??????doOnErrorInterceptors(retryCallback,?context,?e);??
?????}??
?????//再次判斷能否重試??
?????if?(canRetry(retryPolicy,?context)?&&?!context.isExhaustedOnly())?{??
??????try?{??
???????//如果可以重試則走退避策略??
???????backOffPolicy.backOff(backOffContext);??
??????}??
??????catch?(BackOffInterruptedException?ex)?{??
???????lastException?=?e;??
???????//?back?off?was?prevented?by?another?thread?-?fail?the?retry??
???????if?(this.logger.isDebugEnabled())?{??
????????this.logger??
??????????.debug("Abort?retry?because?interrupted:?count="??
????????????+?context.getRetryCount());??
???????}??
???????throw?ex;??
??????}??
?????}??
??
?????if?(this.logger.isDebugEnabled())?{??
??????this.logger.debug(??
????????"Checking?for?rethrow:?count="?+?context.getRetryCount());??
?????}??
??
?????if?(shouldRethrow(retryPolicy,?context,?state))?{??
??????if?(this.logger.isDebugEnabled())?{??
???????this.logger.debug("Rethrow?in?retry?for?policy:?count="??
?????????+?context.getRetryCount());??
??????}??
??????throw?RetryTemplate.wrapIfNecessary(e);??
?????}??
??
????}??
??
????/*??
?????*?A?stateful?attempt?that?can?retry?may?rethrow?the?exception?before?now,??
?????*?but?if?we?get?this?far?in?a?stateful?retry?there's?a?reason?for?it,??
?????*?like?a?circuit?breaker?or?a?rollback?classifier.??
?????*/??
????if?(state?!=?null?&&?context.hasAttribute(GLOBAL_STATE))?{??
?????break;??
????}??
???}??
??
???if?(state?==?null?&&?this.logger.isDebugEnabled())?{??
????this.logger.debug(??
??????"Retry?failed?last?attempt:?count="?+?context.getRetryCount());??
???}??
??
???exhausted?=?true;??
???//重試結(jié)束后如果有兜底Recovery方法則執(zhí)行,否則拋異常??
???return?handleRetryExhausted(recoveryCallback,?context,?state);??
??
??}??
??catch?(Throwable?e)?{??
???throw?RetryTemplate.wrapIfNecessary(e);??
??}??
??finally?{??
???//處理一些關(guān)閉邏輯??
???close(retryPolicy,?context,?state,?lastException?==?null?||?exhausted);??
???//調(diào)用RetryListener的close方法??
???doCloseInterceptors(retryCallback,?context,?lastException);??
???RetrySynchronizationManager.clear();??
??}??
??
?}??
主要核心重試邏輯就是上面的代碼了,看上去還是挺簡單的。在上面,我們漏掉了RetryPolicy的canRetry方法和BackOffPolicy的backOff方法,以及這兩個Policy是怎么來的。我們回頭看看getStatelessInterceptor方法中的getRetryPolicy和getRetryPolicy方法。
private?RetryPolicy?getRetryPolicy(Annotation?retryable)?{??
??Map?attrs?=?AnnotationUtils.getAnnotationAttributes(retryable);??
??@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")??
??Class?extends?Throwable>[]?includes?=?(Class?extends?Throwable>[])?attrs.get("value");??
??String?exceptionExpression?=?(String)?attrs.get("exceptionExpression");??
??boolean?hasExpression?=?StringUtils.hasText(exceptionExpression);??
??if?(includes.length?==?0)?{??
???@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")??
???Class?extends?Throwable>[]?value?=?(Class?extends?Throwable>[])?attrs.get("include");??
???includes?=?value;??
??}??
??@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")??
??Class?extends?Throwable>[]?excludes?=?(Class?extends?Throwable>[])?attrs.get("exclude");??
??Integer?maxAttempts?=?(Integer)?attrs.get("maxAttempts");??
??String?maxAttemptsExpression?=?(String)?attrs.get("maxAttemptsExpression");??
??if?(StringUtils.hasText(maxAttemptsExpression))?{??
???maxAttempts?=?PARSER.parseExpression(resolve(maxAttemptsExpression),?PARSER_CONTEXT)??
?????.getValue(this.evaluationContext,?Integer.class);??
??}??
??if?(includes.length?==?0?&&?excludes.length?==?0)?{??
???SimpleRetryPolicy?simple?=?hasExpression???new?ExpressionRetryPolicy(resolve(exceptionExpression))??
???????????????.withBeanFactory(this.beanFactory)??
??????????????:?new?SimpleRetryPolicy();??
???simple.setMaxAttempts(maxAttempts);??
???return?simple;??
??}??
??Map,?Boolean>?policyMap?=?new?HashMap,?Boolean>();??
??for?(Class?extends?Throwable>?type?:?includes)?{??
???policyMap.put(type,?true);??
??}??
??for?(Class?extends?Throwable>?type?:?excludes)?{??
???policyMap.put(type,?false);??
??}??
??boolean?retryNotExcluded?=?includes.length?==?0;??
??if?(hasExpression)?{??
???return?new?ExpressionRetryPolicy(maxAttempts,?policyMap,?true,?exceptionExpression,?retryNotExcluded)??
?????.withBeanFactory(this.beanFactory);??
??}??
??else?{??
???return?new?SimpleRetryPolicy(maxAttempts,?policyMap,?true,?retryNotExcluded);??
??}??
?}??
嗯~,代碼不難,這里簡單做一下總結(jié)好了。就是通過@Retryable注解中的參數(shù),來判斷具體使用文章開頭說到的哪個重試策略,是SimpleRetryPolicy還是ExpressionRetryPolicy等。
private?BackOffPolicy?getBackoffPolicy(Backoff?backoff)?{??
??long?min?=?backoff.delay()?==?0???backoff.value()?:?backoff.delay();??
??if?(StringUtils.hasText(backoff.delayExpression()))?{??
???min?=?PARSER.parseExpression(resolve(backoff.delayExpression()),?PARSER_CONTEXT)??
?????.getValue(this.evaluationContext,?Long.class);??
??}??
??long?max?=?backoff.maxDelay();??
??if?(StringUtils.hasText(backoff.maxDelayExpression()))?{??
???max?=?PARSER.parseExpression(resolve(backoff.maxDelayExpression()),?PARSER_CONTEXT)??
?????.getValue(this.evaluationContext,?Long.class);??
??}??
??double?multiplier?=?backoff.multiplier();??
??if?(StringUtils.hasText(backoff.multiplierExpression()))?{??
???multiplier?=?PARSER.parseExpression(resolve(backoff.multiplierExpression()),?PARSER_CONTEXT)??
?????.getValue(this.evaluationContext,?Double.class);??
??}??
??if?(multiplier?>?0)?{??
???ExponentialBackOffPolicy?policy?=?new?ExponentialBackOffPolicy();??
???if?(backoff.random())?{??
????policy?=?new?ExponentialRandomBackOffPolicy();??
???}??
???policy.setInitialInterval(min);??
???policy.setMultiplier(multiplier);??
???policy.setMaxInterval(max?>?min???max?:?ExponentialBackOffPolicy.DEFAULT_MAX_INTERVAL);??
???if?(this.sleeper?!=?null)?{??
????policy.setSleeper(this.sleeper);??
???}??
???return?policy;??
??}??
??if?(max?>?min)?{??
???UniformRandomBackOffPolicy?policy?=?new?UniformRandomBackOffPolicy();??
???policy.setMinBackOffPeriod(min);??
???policy.setMaxBackOffPeriod(max);??
???if?(this.sleeper?!=?null)?{??
????policy.setSleeper(this.sleeper);??
???}??
???return?policy;??
??}??
??FixedBackOffPolicy?policy?=?new?FixedBackOffPolicy();??
??policy.setBackOffPeriod(min);??
??if?(this.sleeper?!=?null)?{??
???policy.setSleeper(this.sleeper);??
??}??
??return?policy;??
?}??
嗯~,一樣的味道。就是通過@Backoff注解中的參數(shù),來判斷具體使用文章開頭說到的哪個退避策略,是FixedBackOffPolicy還是UniformRandomBackOffPolicy等。
那么每個RetryPolicy都會重寫canRetry方法,然后在RetryTemplate判斷是否需要重試。我們看看SimpleRetryPolicy的
@Override??
?public?boolean?canRetry(RetryContext?context)?{??
??Throwable?t?=?context.getLastThrowable();??
??//判斷拋出的異常是否符合重試的異常??
??//還有,是否超過了重試的次數(shù)??
??return?(t?==?null?||?retryForException(t))?&&?context.getRetryCount()??}??
同樣,我們看看FixedBackOffPolicy的退避方法。
protected?void?doBackOff()?throws?BackOffInterruptedException?{??
??try?{??
???//就是sleep固定的時間??
???sleeper.sleep(backOffPeriod);??
??}??
??catch?(InterruptedException?e)?{??
???throw?new?BackOffInterruptedException("Thread?interrupted?while?sleeping",?e);??
??}??
?}??
至此,重試的主要原理以及邏輯大概就是這樣了。
RetryContext
我覺得有必要說說RetryContext,先看看它的繼承關(guān)系。

可以看出對每一個策略都有對應(yīng)的Context。
在Spring Retry里,其實(shí)每一個策略都是單例來的。我剛開始直覺是對每一個需要重試的方法都會new一個策略,這樣重試策略之間才不會產(chǎn)生沖突,但是一想就知道這樣就可能多出了很多策略對象出來,增加了使用者的負(fù)擔(dān),這不是一個好的設(shè)計。
Spring Retry采用了一個更加輕量級的做法,就是針對每一個需要重試的方法只new一個上下文Context對象,然后在重試時,把這個Context傳到策略里,策略再根據(jù)這個Context做重試,而且Spring Retry還對這個Context做了cache。這樣就相當(dāng)于對重試的上下文做了優(yōu)化。
總結(jié)
Spring Retry通過AOP機(jī)制來實(shí)現(xiàn)對業(yè)務(wù)代碼的重試”入侵“,RetryTemplate中包含了核心的重試邏輯,還提供了豐富的重試策略和退避策略。
參考資料
http://www.10tiao.com/html/164/201705/2652898434/1.html https://www.jianshu.com/p/58e753ca0151 https://paper.tuisec.win/detail/90bd660fad92183
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